Basin development and syntectonic sedimentation associated with kinematically coupled strike-slip and detachment faulting, southern Nevada

Duebendorfer, Ernest M.; Wallin, E. Timothy

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0087:bdassa>2.3.co;2

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…This late rotation is evidenced by the lack of incremental fanning dips of synextensional strata, as would be expected if horizontal-axis rotation kept pace with extension. The pattern of late-stage horizontal axis rotation is not uncommon; similar relations are reported for the red sandstone unit in the western Lake Mead area (Duebendorfer and Wallin, 1991) and in the Sacramento Mountains (Fedo and Miller, 1992) in southeastern California. In these areas, thick synextensional sequences have conformable dips and are disrupted only late in the extensional episode by block faulting and tilting, which effectively ends deposition.…”

Section: Thumb Membersupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Horse Spring strata, widely exposed in southeastern Nevada, overlie Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks with little or no angular discordance, indicating that they mostly pre-date tilting. In turn, red sandstone unit strata in the western Lake Mead area overlie Horse Spring rocks with little to no angular discordance (Duebendorfer and Wallin, 1991). However, in the eastern Lake Mead area, the rocks of the Grand Wash trough, which are similar in age to the red sandstone unit, are angularly discordant on the Rainbow Gardens Member of the Horse Spring.…”

Section: Tertiary Stratigraphy Of Southeast Nevadamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Bohannon (1984) described restricted outcrops in the White Basin area that include alluvial fan and playa deposits and mapped a few local exposures in the north Muddy Mountains (Bohannon, 1983). Duebendorfer and Wallin (1991) recognized extensive outcrops of the red sandstone unit south of the Las Vegas Valley shear zone between Frenchman Mountain and Hamblin Mountain. They documented linkage between deposition of the red sandstone unit and simultaneous motion along the Las Vegas Valley shear zone and the Saddle Island detachment.…”

Section: Tertiary Stratigraphy Of Southeast Nevadamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent debate on the extensional history of southeastern Nevada has centered on the relative roles of strike-slip versus detachment faulting and on the magnitude of extension Barnhard, 1993a, 1993b;Anderson and Bohannon, 1993;Axen et al, 1993;Campagna and Aydin, 1991;Duebendorfer and Wallin, 1991;Duebendorfer and Simpson, 1995). Because syn-extensional strata can record the evolution of both strike-slip and extensional structures, they provide an opportunity to separate, both temporally and spatially, the influence of various structures on depositional systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Paleogeography of the Horse Spring Formation in relation to the Lake Mead fault system, Virgin Mountains, Nevada and Arizona

Beard¹

1996

Reconstructing the History of Basin and Range Extension Using Sedimentology and Stratigraphy

101

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The Tertiary Horse Spring Formation in southeast Nevada records the development of strike-slip and extensional tectonism that formed the Lake Mead left-lateral fault system. Stratigraphic, geochronologic, and mapping studies in the Virgin and south Virgin Mountains clarify the details of that evolution. Exposures of the Horse Spring Formation in the Virgin Mountains area consist of only its lower two members, in ascending order, the Rainbow Gardens and Thumb Members. The Horse Spring deposits are faulted and variably tilted by normal and oblique-slip faults. The Rainbow Gardens Member (ca. 26-18 Ma) was deposited in a broad shallow basin with positive areas to the northwest and southeast; facies changes are gradual and show no influence of active faulting. In contrast, complex facies relations in the Thumb Member are the result of deposition during complex mixed-mode deformation along kinematically linked strike-slip and extensional faults of the Lake Mead fault system, about 16-14 Ma. Tilting of Tertiary and older rocks about horizontal axes apparently occurred late in the extensional episode, at about 14 Ma or later.The Rainbow Gardens Member consists of three units that each represent separate pre-extensional depositional systems. The basal conglomerate is a braid plain or pediment deposited by northeast paleoflow. The middle unit is a mixture of tuffaceous fluvial and lacustrine deposits that are the result of a reversal of drainage to the southwest, into the Rainbow Gardens lake. The change in paleoflow direction is attributed to extensive volcanism to the north that blocked the earlier northeastward flow. The upper unit consists of pedogenically altered, palustrine carbonate rocks that formed during cessation of lacustrine deposition and waning of volcanic activity to the north.A previously unrecognized unconformity that records the onset of faulting separates the Rainbow Gardens Member from the overlying Thumb Member and can be traced throughout the Virgin Mountains area. The unconformity separates the underlying pedogenically altered carbonate rocks from overlying well-bedded lacustrine limestones. Locally the unconformity is marked by conglomerate and megabreccia deposits derived from the underlying Rainbow Gardens carbonate rocks across nearby fault scarps. Carbonate rocks above the unconformity grade laterally and vertically into lacustrine gypsum and fine-grained sandstone of the Thumb Member. These rocks in turn intertongue laterally and vertically with marginal lacustrine and alluvial fan facies. Abrupt influx of megabreccia and coarse conglomerate into lacustrine deposits occurred northward from both the Gold Butte and Lime Ridge faults. At approximately the same time, megabreccia and coarse conglomerate were shed

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Section: Thumb Membersupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Tertiary Stratigraphy Of Southeast Nevadamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Tertiary Stratigraphy Of Southeast Nevadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Paleogeography of the Horse Spring Formation in relation to the Lake Mead fault system, Virgin Mountains, Nevada and Arizona

Beard¹

1996

Reconstructing the History of Basin and Range Extension Using Sedimentology and Stratigraphy

101

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“…Later work in the Lake Mead area suggested that synchronous movement on regional detachment structures (the Saddle Island detachment fault) and strike-slip structures (the Lake Mead fault zone and the Las Vegas Valley Shear Zone) accommodated extension from 13 to 9 Ma. (Smith, 1982;Choukroune and Smith, 1985;Duebendorfer and Wallin, 1991). From 9 to 4.7 Ma, extension was accommodated by high angle normal faulting.…”

Section: Ten Kilometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Center for Volcanic and Tectonic Studies: 1992--1993 annual report

1994

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Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The Views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. ORGANIZATION OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CENTER FOR VOLCANIC & TECTONIC STUDIES (CVTS)(sections separated by colored paper) INTRODUCTION CVTS Activities CVTS Staff CVTS Bibliography-1993-1994 Future Directions CONTRIBUTION OF E.I. SMITH PaperThe role of the mantle during crustal extension: constraints from the geochemistry of volcanic rocks in the Lake Mead area: Nevada and Arizona (Reprint from December '93 Geological Society of America Bulletin) . Abstracts of presentations CONTRIBUTION OF T.K. BRADSHAWPaper Polygenetic volcanism at Crater Flat, Nevada (Manuscript in review for publication in the Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research)Further Geochemical modeling: Crater Flat. PaperBasaltic volcanism in the southern Bash and Range: no role for a mantle plume.(Reprint from Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters) Abstracts of presentations Data tables for chemical analyses Final thoughts CONTRIBUTION OF G.M. YOGODZINSKI:Summary of CVTS efforts in the Reveille Range, south-central Nevada PaperMagmatism and tectonic development of the western Aleutians: an oceanic arc in a strikeslip setting.(Reprint of paper published in the July '93 Journal of Geophysical Research) Abstracts of presentations CONTRIBUTION OF S.A. MORIKAWA Masters of Science ThesisThe Geology of the Tuff of Bridge Spring: Southern Nevada and Northwestern Arizona.".. INTRODUCTIONThe annual report of the Center for Volcanic Studies (CVTS) contains a series of papers, reprints and a Master of Science thesis that review the progress made by the CVTS between October 1,1992 and February 1,1994. During this period CVTS staff focused on several topics that have direct relevance to volcanic hazards related to the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. These topics include:(1) PoIygenetic/polycyclic volcanism in Crater Flat, Nevada(2) The role of the mantle during crustal extension.(3) The detailed geology of Crater Flat, Nevada.(4) Pliocene volcanoes in the Reveille Range, south-central Nevada.(5) Estimating the probability of disruption of the proposed repository by volcanic eruptions. This topic is being studied by Dr. C.H. Ho at UNLV. CVTS ActivitiesCVTS staff presented papers at several professional meetings including:(a) International Associati...

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