Basin Framework and Basement Structuring of Lower Benue Trough, West Africa based on Regional Magnetic Field Data: Tectonic and Hydrocarbon Implications

Okiwelu, A. A.; Okwueze, E. E.; Akpan, Peter O.; Ude, Ikechukwu A.

doi:10.5539/esr.v4n1p1

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The formation of the southern Nigeria sedimentary basin followed the break-up of the South American and African continents in the Early Cretaceous (Murat 1972). Several authors have used structural, stratigraphic, geomorphologic and palaeonotologic evidence to support a rift model of the basin (Reyment 1969;Petters 1978;Benkhlil 1989;Oyedim et al 2009;Igwesi and Umego 2013;Okiwelu et al 2015). The development of the Benue Trough provided the main structural control and framework for the subsequent geologic evolution of the region.…”

Section: Geology Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of smectite-rich shales in frequent foundation failures in southeast Nigeria

Maduka

Ayogu

et al. 2016

J Earth Syst Sci

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This paper investigated the geotechnical properties of smectite-rich shale, and its implications as foundation material. Ten expansive shale samples were collected from foundation materials at Akpugo in Nkanu West L.G.A. of Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. Samples were subjected to grading, Atterberg limitscum-compaction tests, slake durability, specific gravity, permeability, undrained triaxial tests and x-ray diffraction scan. Fines and sand contents of the soil samples range from 51-97% and 3-49% respectively. Liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index have average values of 60.7, 19.1 and 43.3% respectively. Linear shrinkage and free swell showed average of 16.3% and 76%. These results are indicative of predominant clay soil with high plasticity, compressibility and water holding capacity. XRD scan established presence of smectite and illite clay minerals, confirming soil high plasticity, capable of causing instability in foundation soil. The shale achieved maximum dry density range between 1.79 and 1.94 kg/m 3 at optimum moisture content range of 6.9-12.8%, indicating poor to fair foundation materials. The shale cohesion ranges from 15 to 30 kPa while the angle of friction ranges between 10 • and 18 • , signifying an average strength soil material. Samples slake durability index and specific gravity fall within 24-55% and 2.50-2.58 respectively, suggesting non-durable and weak soil. Permeability of the samples ranges between 7.36×10 −6 and 4.77×10 −8 cm/s which suggested low drainage capable of causing water-log at sites. Therefore, the shale could be generally classified as poor to fair foundation material, which on moisture influx experience reduction in strength due to deterioration of its constituent minerals, especially clay and cement materials during the lifespan of engineering structures. Authors therefore recommend modification of foundation soil, appropriate foundation design and good drainage control as ways of improving stability of engineering structures underlain by expansive shale.

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Section: Geology Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of smectite-rich shales in frequent foundation failures in southeast Nigeria

Maduka

Ayogu

et al. 2016

J Earth Syst Sci

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“…Also [32] reported that in the Gongola basin a series of N-S trending faults appear to dominate the region, subdividing it in to parallel to sub parallel N-S and fault bound basins. Also [33] who worked on the Lower Bebue Trough ( Mamfe Embayment and environs) recognized grabens ,half grabens and deep sedimentation (depocentres) and interpreted them as hydrocarbon related structures. By implication recognition and mapping of the horsts-grabens in the Benue Rift is crucial in any hydrocarbon prospecting venture.…”

Section: Hydrocarbon Prospect Of Nigeria's Gongola Basin Based On Gramentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Prospect of Nigeria’s Gongola Basin Based on Gravity Data Interpretation

Bassey¹,

Barka²,

Musa³

2017

IOSR JAGG

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“…It has been described as the failed arm of a radial rift system which spans from the northern parts of the Niger Delta to the fringes of the Chad Basin [5,4,6]. The length of the Trough is about 700 km and it bifurcates at the northeastern end with its width ranging from 100 km to 150 km [3,7] Thick sedimentation accompanied by basement faulting, rifting, subsistence and opening of the South Atlantic Ocean gave rise to cycles of transgression and regression producing thicknesses ranging from 7000 -10000 meters [3,7]. The Trough has been distinctly divided by authors into the Lower, Middle and Upper [4,8,7,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The length of the Trough is about 700 km and it bifurcates at the northeastern end with its width ranging from 100 km to 150 km [3,7] Thick sedimentation accompanied by basement faulting, rifting, subsistence and opening of the South Atlantic Ocean gave rise to cycles of transgression and regression producing thicknesses ranging from 7000 -10000 meters [3,7]. The Trough has been distinctly divided by authors into the Lower, Middle and Upper [4,8,7,6]. Outstanding deformational structures as a result of tectonism in the Trough include: Abakiliki Anticline, Anambra and Afikpo Synclines (Lower Benue), Keana Anticline, Awe Syncline (Middle Benue), Zambuk Ridge (Upper Benue) [3,4,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Trace Elements Compositions of Igneous Intrusions on Public Health in Ishiagu Area of the Southern Benue trough, Southern Nigeria

Nwachukwu

Ukaebgu

Egesi

2019

JSRR

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Some health implications of structurally-controlled igneous intrusions in Ishiagu area of southern Benue Trough were studied using the field investigations, trace element geochemistry and geostatistical studies of some of the igneous rocks, the surrounding water and edible vegetables. Results of the study revealed that the average concentrations of these trace metals in the igneous rocks decreased from Mn to Mg as follows: Mn (1431 ppm), Sr (419.5 ppm), Ba (58.11 ppm), Cu (45.63 ppm), Pb (5.48 ppm), As (1.20 ppm), Mo (3.270 ppm), Cd (0.960 ppm) and Mg (0.940 ppm); in water decreased from Mg to Cd as follows: Mg (5.840 mg/l), Sr (1.270 mg/l), Fe (0.3 mg/l), Mo (.013 mg/l), Mn (0.002 mg/l), Ni (0.001 mg/l), As (0.0004 mg/l), Ni (0.001 mg/l), Co (0.0001 mg/l), and Cd (0.0001 mg/l), while in the edible vegetables trace elements decreased from Fe-Ni as follows: Fe (8540 mg/kg), Mg (4085 mg/kg), Al (2352.1 mg/kg), Pb (360.76 mg/kg), Sr (182 mg/kg), Zn (53.38 mg/kg), Ba (46.3 mg/kg) Cu (21.75 mg/kg), Mo (8.97 mg/kg) and Ni (4.92 mg/kg). Geostatistical analysis of the edible vegetables indicates that the bioaccumulation factor of the vegetation with respect to the rock decreased from Pb to Ni as follows: Pb> Mo >Cd >As> Fe > Cr > Cu > Zn>Sr>Mg>Ni. The concentrations of Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mn, Cd, Pb and Zn in water and edible vegetables are higher than the permissible levels recommended by World Health Organization. Thus, the inhabitants of the study area are at risk of myocardial infarction, insulin alteration, anemia, neurodegenerative conditions in humans, renal dysfunction, metal fumes fever, hair and skin discoloration, respiratory tract diseases, carcinogenic diseases, kidney disease, fanconi syndrome, lipid peroxidation of the heart, liver and spleen, hypertension, anemia, colic, headache, brain damage and central nervous system disorder, kidney disease, neurotoxin, lipid peroxidation in the heart, liver and spleen, fanconi syndrome, oesteomalacia, renal dysfunction, learning disabilities and hyperactivity, loss of vision, heart and liver failures, skin irritation, hazardous effects on lungs and brains. The outcome of this study has provided a data base for intervention endeavors for health practitioners to comprehensively monitor and control health issues arising from geologic and mining processes in Ishiagu area of Ebonyi State. The area is in dire need of standard medical facilities, which will, among other things, offer medical aids, document such health matters and keep surveillance so as to detect impact of the trace metals on the health of the inhabitants of the study area.

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Basin Framework and Basement Structuring of Lower Benue Trough, West Africa based on Regional Magnetic Field Data: Tectonic and Hydrocarbon Implications

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Role of smectite-rich shales in frequent foundation failures in southeast Nigeria

Role of smectite-rich shales in frequent foundation failures in southeast Nigeria

Hydrocarbon Prospect of Nigeria’s Gongola Basin Based on Gravity Data Interpretation

Effects of Trace Elements Compositions of Igneous Intrusions on Public Health in Ishiagu Area of the Southern Benue trough, Southern Nigeria

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