Bassinet Use and Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy

Pike, Jodi I.; Moon, Rachel Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.04.052

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Parents and caregivers should adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines regarding maximum weight of infants who use these products. 140,141 In addition, with the use of any of these products, other AAP guidelines for safe sleep outlined in this document, including supine positioning and avoidance of soft objects and loose bedding, should be followed.…”

Section: Sleep Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2016

Pediatrics

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491

446

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Approximately 3500 infants die annually in the United States from sleep-related infant deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), ill-defined deaths, and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. After an initial decrease in the 1990s, the overall sleep-related infant death rate has not declined in more recent years. Many of the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths are strikingly similar. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths. Recommendations for a safe sleep environment include supine positioning, use of a firm sleep surface, room-sharing without bed-sharing, and avoidance of soft bedding and overheating. Additional recommendations for SIDS risk reduction include avoidance of exposure to smoke, alcohol, and illicit drugs; breastfeeding; routine immunization; and use of a pacifier. New evidence and rationale for recommendations are presented for skin-to-skin care for newborn infants, bedside and in-bed sleepers, sleeping on couches/armchairs and in sitting devices, and use of soft bedding after 4 months of age. In addition, expanded recommendations for infant sleep location are included. The recommendations and strength of evidence for each recommendation are published in the accompanying policy statement, “SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Updated 2016 Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment,” which is included in this issue.

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Section: Sleep Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2016

Pediatrics

Self Cite

491

446

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“…Portable cribs, play yards, and bassinets with vertical sides made of air-permeable material may be preferable to those with air-impermeable sides. 122 Finally, parents and caregivers should adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines regarding maximum weight of infants using these products. 122,123 If the product is a combination product (eg, crib/toddler bed), the manual should be consulted when the mode of use is changed.…”

Section: Sleep Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2011

Pediatrics

Self Cite

219

115

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Despite a major decrease in the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) since the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released its recommendation in 1992 that infants be placed for sleep in a nonprone position, this decline has plateaued in recent years. Concurrently, other causes of sudden unexpected infant death occurring during sleep (sleep-related deaths), including suffocation, asphyxia, and entrapment, and ill-defined or unspecified causes of death have increased in incidence, particularly since the AAP published its last statement on SIDS in 2005. It has become increasingly important to address these other causes of sleep-related infant death. Many of the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and suffocation are strikingly similar. The AAP, therefore, is expanding its recommendations from being only SIDS-focused to focusing on a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths including SIDS. The recommendations described in this report include supine positioning, use of a firm sleep surface, breastfeeding, room-sharing without bed-sharing, routine immunization, consideration of a pacifier, and avoidance of soft bedding, overheating, and exposure to tobacco smoke, alcohol, and illicit drugs. The rationale for these recommendations is discussed in detail in this technical report. The recommendations are published in the accompanying “Policy Statement—Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment,” which is included in this issue (www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2011-2220).

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“…17 All of these may cause infants to be placed into a perilous position, as is the case with suspended rocking cradles and mesh-sided cots, which have been associated with asphyxiation. 6,[18][19][20][21][22] The American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM) recently revised its voluntary standards to reduce hazards associated with full-size cribs (failure of mattress-support hardware, glued or bolted connections, drop-side latch, and teething rails), bassinets (suffocation, tip over, collapse, and hood detachment), and non-full-size cribs and play yards (entrapment in drop-side units, entanglement on hardware, dislodgment of slats, strangulation in mesh openings, and collapse of locking devices, floor, or sides). [23][24][25] Voluntary standards can be implemented more quickly than the mandatory standards promulgated by the CPSC, allowing design changes to reach the marketplace relatively rapidly.…”

Section: And the 2009 Kids Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Despite efforts to reduce these risks, crib-related injuries accounted for more than 14 500 injuries to children younger than 5 years of age in 2009 and were associated with the majority of nursery product deaths. 3 Previous studies have investigated infant mortality attributed to suffocation and strangulation in cribs and adult beds, 4 risk factors for sudden unexpected death in infancy, 5,6 injuries attributed to crib bumper pads, 7,8 and deaths attributed to hanging, wedging, and positional asphyxia. [9][10][11] However, nonfatal injuries associated with cribs have been largely overlooked in research, although these events are far greater in number than fatalities associated with cribs and can result in serious morbidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries Associated With Cribs, Playpens, and Bassinets Among Young Children in the US, 1990–2008

et al. 2011

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Previous research has focused on infant mortality attributed to suffocation and strangulation in the crib environment. No studies have investigated both fatal and nonfatal crib-related injuries. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study is the first to use a nationally representative sample to investigate injuries among young children associated with cribs, playpens, and bassinets. abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of injuries related to cribs, playpens, and bassinets among young children in the United States. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was done using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for children younger than 2 years of age treated in emergency departments in the United States from 1990 through 2008 for an injury associated with cribs, playpens, and bassinets. RESULTS:An estimated 181 654 (95% confidence interval: 148 548 -214 761) children younger than 2 years of age were treated in emergency departments in the United States for injuries related to cribs, playpens, and bassinets during the 19-year study period. There was an average of 9561 cases per year or an average of 12.1 injuries per 10 000 children younger than 2 years old per year. Most of the injuries involved cribs (83.2%), followed by playpens (12.6%) and bassinets (4.2%). The most common mechanism of injury was a fall from a crib, playpen, or bassinet, representing 66.2% of injuries. Soft-tissue injuries comprised the most common diagnosis (34.1%), and the most frequently injured body region was the head or neck (40.3%). Patients with fractures were admitted 14.0% of the time, making them 5.45 (95% confidence interval: 3.80 -7.80) times more likely to be hospitalized than patients with other types of injury. Children younger than 6 months were 2.97 (95% confidence interval: 2.07-4.24) times more likely to be hospitalized than older children. CONCLUSIONS:This study is the first to use a nationally representative sample to examine injuries associated with cribs, playpens, and bassinets. Given the consistently high number of observed injuries, greater efforts are needed to ensure safety in the design and manufacture of these products, ensure their proper usage in the home, and increase awareness of their potential dangers to young children.

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Bassinet Use and Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Injuries Associated With Cribs, Playpens, and Bassinets Among Young Children in the US, 1990–2008

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