Bathymetric and geochemical investigation of Kawah Ijen Crater Lake, East Java, Indonesia

Takano, Bokuichiro; Suzuki, Katsuhiko; Sugimori, Kenji; Ohba, Takayoshi; Fazlullin, S.M.; Bernard, Alain; Sumarti, Sri; Sukhyar, R.; Hirabayashi, Motohiro

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.03.008

Cited by 72 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The REE distribution for waters has unusual shape with depletion in both LREE and HREE and a small Eu minimum. Similar distributions have been reported for some acidic crater lakes (Takano et al, 2004) with highly altered country rocks and by Sanada et al (2006) in acidic waters of Tamagawa hot springs in Japan. Waters from both volcanoes cannot be distinguished using these plots.…”

Section: Rare Earth Elementssupporting

confidence: 84%

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Kalacheva

Taran

Котенко

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Shiashkotan Island belongs to the Northern Kuril island arc and consists of two joined volcanoes, Sinarka and Kuntomintar, with about 18 km of distance between the summits. Both volcanoes are active, with historic eruptions, and both emit fumarolic gases. Sinarka volcano is degassing through the extrusive dome with inaccessible strong and hot (N400°C) fumaroles. A large fumarolic field of the Kuntomintar volcano situated in a wide eroded caldera-like crater hosts many fumarolic vents with temperatures from boiling point to 480°C. Both volcanoes are characterized by intense hydrothermal activity discharging acid SO 4 -Cl waters, which are drained to the Sea of Okhotsk by streams. At least 4 groups of near-neutral Na-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO 4 springs with temperatures in the range of 50-80°C are located at the sea level, within tide zones and discharge slightly altered diluted seawater. Volcanic gas of Kuntomintar as well as all types of hydrothermal manifestations of both volcanoes were collected and analyzed for major and trace elements and water isotopes. Volcanic gases are typical for arc volcanoes with 3 He/ 4 He corrected for air contamination up to 6.4 R a (R a = 1.4 × 10 −6 , the air ratio) and δ 13 C (CO 2 ) within −10‰ to −8 ‰ VPDB. Using a saturation indices approach it is shown that acid volcanic waters are formed at a shallow level, whereas waters of the coastal springs are partially equilibrated with rocks at~180°C. Trace element distribution and concentrations and the total REE depend on the water type, acidity and Al + Fe concentration. The REE pattern for acidic waters is unusual but similar to that found in some acidic crater lake waters. The total hydrothermal discharge of Cl and S from the island associated with volcanic activity is estimated at ca. 20 t/d and 40 t/d, respectively, based on the measurements of flow rates of the draining streams and their chemistry. The chemical erosion of the island by surface and thermal waters is estimated at 27 and 140 ton/km 2 /year, respectively, which is 2-3 times lower than chemical erosion of tropical volcanic islands.

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Section: Rare Earth Elementssupporting

confidence: 84%

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Kalacheva

Taran

Котенко

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…8) are characterized by strong LREE depletion. A similar shape of pattern with LREE depletion was already observed in other acid-sulphate waters from Waiotapu (New Zealand), Copahue volcano (Argentina), Santa Ana (El Salvador), Kawah Ihen Crater Lake (Indonesia) and Kutomintar and Sinarka volcanoes (Kawah Ijen) (Takano et al, 2004;Wood et al, 2006;Varekamp et al, 2009;Colvin et al, 2013;Kalacheva et al, 2015). Strong REE fractionation occurs during the hydrothermal alteration in very low pH waters with high SO 4 2− contents, showing higher LREE contents in alunitic advanced argillic alterated rocks compared to the unalterated volcanic rocks (Hikov, 2011).…”

Section: Ree Behavioursupporting

confidence: 80%

Geochemistry of REE, Zr and Hf in a wide range of pH and water composition: The Nevado del Ruiz volcano-hydrothermal system (Colombia)

et al. 2015

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“…The first detailed geochemical compositions of the lake were published by Delmelle and Bernard (1994) and , although qualitative data on composition go back to 1805 (Leschenault (de la Tour) 1858). According to Takano et al (2004), the lake is chemically homogeneous in the water column excepting near the lake bottom. The lake generally has a green color with floating yellow deposits of sulphur spherules at the surface (Delmelle and Bernard 1994).…”

Section: Kawah Ijen Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first lake volume was estimated in 1922 (Taverne (1923) in Takano et al (2004)) (Table 3). While in October 1925, based on 243 lead soundings, the deepest point was 198 m, the same location did only measure 105 m in November 1936 (Stehn 1938).…”

Section: Bathymetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the high level of seismic noise, the gain was set to 36 dB. The seismic vibration was more Takano et al (2004) 4 .35 × 10 7 m 3 Lead soundings 1923 (Taverne 1924) in Takano et al (2004) 4 .23 × 10 7 m 3 Lead soundings 1925 (Stehn 1938) 4 .42 × 10 7 m 3 Lead soundings 1936 (Stehn 1938) 3 .63 × 10 7 m 3 Lead soundings 1956 (Mueller 1957b) 3 .67 × 10 7 m 3 Lead soundings 1996 (Takano et al 2004) 3 . 0 ×10 7 m 3 Echo soundings 2010-2011: this study 2.75×10 7 m 3 Echo soundings important than at Kelud volcano (Central Java, Indonesia).…”

Section: Seismic Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kawah Ijen volcanic activity: a review

et al. 2015

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Kawah Ijen is a composite volcano located at the easternmost part of Java island in Indonesia and hosts the largest natural acidic lake in the world. We have gathered all available historical reports on Kawah Ijen's activity since 1770 with the purpose of reviewing the temporal evolution of its activity. Most of these observations and studies have been conducted from a geochemical perspective and in punctuated scientific campaigns. Starting in 1991, the seismic activity and a set of volcanic lake parameters began to be weekly available. We present a database of those measurements that, combined with historical reports, allow us to review each eruption/unrest that occurred during the last two centuries. As of 2010, the volcanic activity is monitored by a new multi-disciplinary network, including digital seismic stations, and lake level and temperature measurements. This detailed monitoring provides an opportunity for better Editorial responsibility: G. Giordano C. Caudron ( ) ·

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Bathymetric and geochemical investigation of Kawah Ijen Crater Lake, East Java, Indonesia

Cited by 72 publications

References 43 publications

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Geochemistry of REE, Zr and Hf in a wide range of pH and water composition: The Nevado del Ruiz volcano-hydrothermal system (Colombia)

Kawah Ijen volcanic activity: a review

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