Bathymetric distribution patterns of Southern Ocean macrofaunal taxa: Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Isopoda and Polychaeta

Brandt, Angelika; Linse, Katrin; Schüller, Myriam

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.06.007

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Brandt et al (2009) analysed the bathymetric depth ranges at polychaete family level within 100 m depth bins, showing that most families were spread over several thousand meters, although, species-level data may be more appropriate to assess depth zonation. Kaiser et al (2011) showed that many isopods in the Southern Ocean were restricted to slope depths with a possibility of the existence of a unique Southern Ocean slope fauna, Recently, tanaid data from the Ross Sea suggested the presence of a distinct slope fauna and strong structuring of tanaid assemblages by depth (Pabis et al 2015b).…”

Section: Discussion Large-scale Patterns In Polychaete Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative marine biodiversity and depth zonation in the Southern Ocean: evidence from a new large polychaete dataset from Scotia and Amundsen seas

et al. 2017

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Based on a dataset of 16,991 and 307 morphospecies of polychaete worms collected from 58 epibenthic sledge deployments across the Scotia and Amundsen Seas, we show that the structures of their shelf, deep-shelf and slope communities are composed of distinct polychaete assemblages spanning regions with Bhigh^, Bintermediate^, and Blow^biodi-versity. Depth has been identified as the main factor structuring the polychaete communities in both seas, countering the prevalent notion of extended eurybathy of the Southern Ocean benthos. From an evolutionary perspective, this strong dissimilarity between shelf and slope fauna could be interpreted as evidence for survival in shelf refugias, rather than migration into deeper waters during glacial maxima. The previously unsampled Amundsen Sea is shown to be diverse, harbouring a high level of taxonomic novelty, with many species new to science. The polychaete community of the inner shelf in the Amundsen Sea (Pine Island Bay) has also been shown to be of deep-sea character, likely due to intrusion of the Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf. In the Scotia Sea, our data support the notion of relatively high biodiversity of waters around the South Orkney Islands, South Georgia, and Shag Rocks (all recently established as Marine Protected Areas) and depressed diversity in the extreme environment of Southern Thule.

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Section: Discussion Large-scale Patterns In Polychaete Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative marine biodiversity and depth zonation in the Southern Ocean: evidence from a new large polychaete dataset from Scotia and Amundsen seas

et al. 2017

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“…com− munication). Furthermore, specimens of Thambematidae have been sampled in the Southern Ocean deep sea (Weddell and Scotia seas, between 3212 and 5000 m depth, see Brandt et al 2007Brandt et al , 2009Ross Sea, Lörz and Kaiser, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., the first record of Thambematidae (Isopoda: Asellota) from the Southern Hemisphere shelf

Zemko¹,

Kaiser²

2012

Polish Polar Research

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Abstract:A new thambematid species, Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., is described from King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic. Specimens of the new species were collected during two Polish Antarctic Expeditions in 1985 and 2007. It is the first re− cord of this family from the Southern Hemisphere. The new species most closely resembles Thambema golanachum Harrison, 1987 and T. fiatum Harrison, 1987 but can be distin− guished from both species by the shape of male pleopod 1, the number of claws on pereopods 2-7 and the setation of pereopod 1 and 2 carpus, respectively. A key to all known genera and species in the family Thambematidae is also provided.

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“…Despite these commonalities, the oceanographic and physiographic settings and the geological histories of the Arctic and Antarctic regions are very different. There are also major differences in their faunal characteristics (Dayton, 1990;Clarke and Johnston, 2003), as well as contrasting macro-ecological patterns (Brandt et al, 2009;Yasuhara et al, 2012b). For example, the Arctic seafloor has many more surface-burrowing species, such as echiurans, polychaetes, echinoderms and crustaceans, relative to the Antarctic (Dayton, 1990), but deep-sea diversity is generally much lower in the Arctic (Culver and Buzas, 2000).…”

Section: The Polar Deep Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major impacts of climate change on deep-sea benthic ecosystems

Sweetman

Thurber

Smith

et al. 2017

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

282

297

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The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the ocean realm in terms of water column oxygenation, temperature, pH and food supply, with concomitant impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Projections suggest that abyssal (3000-6000 m) ocean temperatures could increase by 1°C over the next 84 years, while abyssal seafloor habitats under areas of deep-water formation may experience reductions in water column oxygen concentrations by as much as 0.03 mL L -1 by 2100. Bathyal depths (200-3000 m) worldwide will undergo the most significant reductions in pH in all oceans by the year 2100 (0.29 to 0.37 pH units). O 2 concentrations will also decline in the bathyal NE Pacific and Southern Oceans, with losses up to 3.7% or more, especially at intermediate depths. Another important environmental parameter, the flux of particulate organic matter to the seafloor, is likely to decline significantly in most oceans, most notably in the abyssal and bathyal Indian Ocean where it is predicted to decrease by 40-55% by the end of the century. Unfortunately, how these major changes will affect deep-seafloor ecosystems is, in some cases, very poorly understood. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of the impacts of these changing environmental parameters on deep-seafloor ecosystems that will most likely be seen by 2100 in continental margin, abyssal and polar settings. We also consider how these changes may combine with other anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fishing, mineral mining, oil and gas extraction) to further impact deep-seafloor ecosystems and discuss the possible societal implications.

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Bathymetric distribution patterns of Southern Ocean macrofaunal taxa: Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Isopoda and Polychaeta

Cited by 53 publications

References 59 publications

Comparative marine biodiversity and depth zonation in the Southern Ocean: evidence from a new large polychaete dataset from Scotia and Amundsen seas

Comparative marine biodiversity and depth zonation in the Southern Ocean: evidence from a new large polychaete dataset from Scotia and Amundsen seas

Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., the first record of Thambematidae (Isopoda: Asellota) from the Southern Hemisphere shelf

Major impacts of climate change on deep-sea benthic ecosystems

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