Bats and Emerging Infections: An Ecological and Virological Puzzle

Serra‐Cobo, Jordi; López-Roig, Marc

doi:10.1007/5584_2016_131

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Additionally, they observed that EBLV-1 seroprevalence in bats from the Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae families were different. This difference is likely due to differences between bat species in the immune response and the lifespan of immunity to a virus infection [ 53 , 55 ]. Therefore, it is more likely to find seropositive bats in species with long lifespan immunity [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of serological and molecular evidence of arbovirus infections in bats from Brazil

et al. 2018

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Viruses are important agents of emerging zoonoses and are a substantial public health issue. Among emerging viruses, an important group are arboviruses, which are characterized by being maintained in nature in cycles involving hematophagous arthropod vectors and a wide range of vertebrate hosts. Recently, bats have received increasing attention as an important source for the emergence of zoonoses and as possible viral reservoirs. Among the arboviruses, there are many representatives of the genera Flavivirus and Alphavirus, which are responsible for important epidemics such as Dengue virus, Zika virus and Chikungunya virus. Due to the importance of analyzing potential viral reservoirs for zoonosis control and expanding our knowledge of bat viruses, this study aimed to investigate the presence of viruses of the Alphavirus and Flavivirus genera in bats. We analyzed serum, liver, lungs and intestine from 103 bats sampled in northeast and southern Brazil via Nested-PCR and the hemagglutination inhibition test. All samples tested in this study were negative for arboviruses, suggesting that no active or past infection was present in the captured bats. These data indicate that the bats examined herein probably do not constitute a reservoir for these viruses in the studied areas. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of bats as reservoirs and sources of infection of these viral zoonoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of serological and molecular evidence of arbovirus infections in bats from Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…Each one may affect population density, rates of contact between individuals, and consequently the basic reproductive number of virus (R 0 ) and virus transmission between species. The basic reproductive number (R 0 ) is an important parameter in the dynamic of diseases and is the average number of new infections that would arise from a single infectious host introduced into a population of susceptible hosts [58]. Understanding how pathogens spread within their host populations is a key factor in epidemiology.…”

Section: Intra and Interspecific Transmission Of Bat Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some bat species form a very large and tight monospecific or multispecific colonies of thousands individuals, e.g. the density of a hibernation colony of Miniopterus schreibersii near Barcelona was estimated at 1900 bats for square meter [58] (Figure 4). Tadarida brasiliensis Mexicana forms in Carlsbad Cavern (New Mexico), a colony with 793,838 bats [59].…”

Section: Intra and Interspecific Transmission Of Bat Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This environment is favorable to the occurrence of key parameters identified for virus transmission in large colonies of cave bats, i.e. shared roosting areas, close contact of different species, and regular introduction of infected individuals [45,58]. However, in this specific environment, there is an additional aspect, the proximity of humans Bats and domestic animals.…”

Section: Anthropization Human Behavior and Dynamic Of Emergencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Bats, Bat-Borne Viruses, and Environmental Changes

Afelt¹,

Devaux²,

Serra‐Cobo³

et al. 2018

Bats

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During the past decade, bats were shown to a major source for new viruses. Among them are well known coronaviruses such as SRAS or MERS but also Ebola. At the same time, no direct infection from bat to human has been demonstrated. The dynamic of transmission of bat-borne viruses is therefore a complex process involving both sylvatic and urban cycles, and intermediate hosts not always identified. The threat potentially exists, and drivers must be sought for man-made environmental changes. Anthropized environments are mosaic landscapes attracting at the same place different bat species usually not found together. Anthropized landscape is also characterized by a higher density of bat-borne viruses. The threat of new bat-borne virus outbreaks has greatly increased in the recent years along with media anthropization and the extremely rapid deforestation process. Deforestation could be a major contributing factor to new viral emergences due to more frequent contacts of livestock and humans with bats possibly containing infectious viruses.

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“…Increased contact with humans, directly or indirectly through saliva, urine or feces, due to habitat sharing increases the risk of virus transmission to humans. Thus, bats play an important role in the maintenance, dispersion, and transmission of viruses that have an impact on public health [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of adenovirus, papillomavirus and parvovirus in Brazilian bats of the species Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium

et al. 2019

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Bats play a significant role in maintaining their ecosystems through pollination, dispersal of seeds, and control of insect populations, but they are also known to host many microorganisms and have been described as natural reservoirs for viruses with zoonotic potential. The diversity of viruses in these animals remains largely unknown, however, because studies are limited by species, location, virus target, or sample type. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect fragments of viral genomes in bat samples. We performed high-throughput sequencing analysis and specific PCR and RT-PCR on pools of anal and oropharyngeal swabs from Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium collected in southern Brazil. As a result, a member of the family Adenoviridae related to human adenovirus C was detected in anal swabs from S. lilium. In addition, we detected a papillomavirus in an anal swab from A. lituratus. Our analyses also allowed the detection of adenoviruses and parvoviruses in oropharyngeal swabs collected from A. lituratus. These results increase our knowledge about viral diversity and illustrate the importance of conducting virus surveillance in bats.

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Bats and Emerging Infections: An Ecological and Virological Puzzle

Cited by 28 publications

References 56 publications

Lack of serological and molecular evidence of arbovirus infections in bats from Brazil

Lack of serological and molecular evidence of arbovirus infections in bats from Brazil

Bats, Bat-Borne Viruses, and Environmental Changes

Detection of adenovirus, papillomavirus and parvovirus in Brazilian bats of the species Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium

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