Battery Aging Deceleration for Power-Consuming Real-Time Systems

Kwak, Jaeheon; Lee, Kilho; Kim, Tae-Hee; Lee, Jin-Kyu; Shin, Insik

doi:10.1109/rtss46320.2019.00039

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As each task is characterized with these three constant values, we can uniquely identify the current discharging behavior of the system as a single representative current trace once the starting time of each task is fixed. It is worthwhile to mention that this workload model is a widely accepted one as in other battery-aware scheduling techniques [6]. We also assume that the minimum scheduling time unit is as small as 10 ms and the period/WCET are represented as an integer number that is a multiple of minimum time unit.…”

Section: Models For Target Satellite Systems and Their Workloadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, we argue that the existing scheduling policy [6] that was proposed to lengthen the battery lifetime may actually cause the opposite result for the satellite systems. To evidently demonstrate this anomaly, we evaluate the lifetimes of batteries used for satellite system on top of an open-source Li-ion battery aging simulator [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, Kwak et al [6] proposed a real-time scheduling framework, called Reserved Execution Time (RET),that tries to maximize the battery lifetime in UAV systems. Based on a Li-ion battery aging model proposed by [7], they tried to reduce the internal heat dissipation out of battery to mitigate the aging factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Real-Time Scheduling Approach to Mitigation of Li-Ion Battery Aging in Low Earth Orbit Satellite Systems

Jang¹,

Yang²

2021

Electronics

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Thanks to their higher performance compared to conventional batteries, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have recently become popular as a power source in many electronic systems. However, Li-ion batteries are known to suffer from an aging issue: the available capacity is gradually degraded as the operation goes by. The impact of aging is particularly critical to satellite systems where no maintenance is available after the initial deployment. Recently, a real-time scheduling framework was proposed to decelerate the aging of Li-ion batteries. However, this framework simply relies on the fact that the elevated temperature results in a worse lifespan of the battery. In contrast to this, in this paper, we argue that the reduced temperature may actually cause an adverse effect in the battery lifetime when considering satellite environments. To evidently demonstrate this anomaly, we extend an open-source Li-ion battery aging simulator to consider the temperature-dependent aging characteristics of the Li-ion batteries. Then, a couple of alternative scheduling policies that better suit the target satellite systems are evaluated in the simulator in comparison with the existing scheduling policies. Our simulation results show that the existing scheduling method, which does not consider the satellite temperature environments, rather deteriorates the lifespan of battery and the proposed scheduling technique can extend the lifespan by up to 65.51%.

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Section: Models For Target Satellite Systems and Their Workloadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Real-Time Scheduling Approach to Mitigation of Li-Ion Battery Aging in Low Earth Orbit Satellite Systems

Jang¹,

Yang²

2021

Electronics

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“…Energy harvester Energy storage Real-time system 2 Complexity they proposed hybrid energy storage system (HESS) component scheduling [17] which has a similar function. Furthermore, in [18], Kwak et al researched the impact of task scheduling on battery aging, and the main principle of minimizing battery aging was proposed based on results. e feasible scheduling algorithm is designed to extend the system running time.…”

Section: Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…T i ⟵ period of τ i (9) sum ⟵ E i ×⌈wt/T i ⌉ + sum (10) end for (11) if (wt×R−sum) < 0 then (12) if |wt × R − sum| ≥ C max then (13) returnC max ( 14) else (15) return |wt × R − sum| (16) end if (17) end if (18) end function (19)…”

Section: Input: a ⟵ Set Of N Active Tasks At Time Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Design of the Battery Initial Energy Level with Task Scheduling for Energy-Harvesting Embedded Systems

Miao

Wei

2021

Complexity

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When the energy-harvesting embedded system (EHES) is running, its available energy (harvesting energy and battery storage energy) seems to be sufficient overall. However, in the process of EHES task execution, an energy shortage may occur in the busy period such that system tasks cannot be scheduled. We call this issue the energy deception (ED) of the EHES. Aiming to address the ED issue, we design an appropriate initial energy level of the battery. In this paper, we propose three algorithms to judge the feasibility of the task set and calculate the appropriate initial energy level of the battery. The holistic energy evaluation (HEE) algorithm makes a preliminary judgment of the task set feasibility according to available energy and consumption energy. A worst-case response time-based initial energy level of the battery (WCRT-IELB) algorithm and an accurate cycle-initial energy level of the battery (AC-IELB) algorithm can calculate the proper initial battery capacity. We use the YARTISS tool to simulate the above three algorithms. We conducted 250 experiments on As Late As Possible (ALAP) and As Soon As Possible (ASAP) scheduling with the maximum battery capacities of 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400. The experimental results show that setting a reasonable initial energy level of the battery can effectively improve the feasibility of the task set. Among the 250 task sets, the HEE algorithm filtered 2.8% of them as infeasible task sets. When the battery capacity is set to 400, the WCRT-BIEL algorithm increases the success rates of the ALAP and ASAP by 17.2% and 26.8%, respectively. The AC-BIEL algorithm increases the success rates of the ALAP and ASAP by 18% and 26.8%, respectively.

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Battery-aging-aware run-time slack management for power-consuming real-time systems

Kwak,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

Journal of Systems Architecture

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Battery Aging Deceleration for Power-Consuming Real-Time Systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

A Real-Time Scheduling Approach to Mitigation of Li-Ion Battery Aging in Low Earth Orbit Satellite Systems

A Real-Time Scheduling Approach to Mitigation of Li-Ion Battery Aging in Low Earth Orbit Satellite Systems

Analysis and Design of the Battery Initial Energy Level with Task Scheduling for Energy-Harvesting Embedded Systems

Battery-aging-aware run-time slack management for power-consuming real-time systems

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