Battery-free Mechanically-Tunable Wireless Sensors for Railroad Track Ballast Monitoring

Uluer, Ismail H.; Frolík, Jeff; Weller, Thomas M.

doi:10.1109/ap-s/usnc-ursi47032.2022.9886888

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Harmonic transponders are one such passive wireless device, an example shown in Fig. 1-Top, and which have been investigated for a variety of novel identification and sensing purposes, including tracking of insects [1]- [4]; avoiding car collisions [5]; locating buried infrastructure [6]; monitoring steel corrosion [7], wall cracks [8], and railbeds [9]; and measuring temperature [10]- [12], humidity [13], and soil moisture [14]. As illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Performance Characterization of Harmonic Transponders

Polivka,

Frolik

2024

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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Harmonic transponders are passive wireless devices that hold great promise for a variety of long-term tracking and sensing applications. These nonlinear devices receive an interrogation signal at one frequency (f ) and backscatter harmonics (typically, 2f is of interest). The device's conversion loss is the change in power from what is received and what is transmitted. We show herein that conversion loss is dependent jointly on interrogation power, interrogation frequency, and interrogation angle. This coupled nature of the device's behavior necessitates performance metrics that capture these characteristics. We present a methodology to generically test these devices and propose metrics that capture the noted dependencies.INDEX TERMS Backscatter, conversion loss, dual band, frequency doubler, harmonic transponder, metrics, nonlinear circuits, patch antennas, over-the-air testing, RFID, wireless sensor.

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