Battery Life Enhancement in a Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage System Using a Multi-Source Inverter

Abstract

This paper introduces a new topology using a multi-source inverter with the intention of reducing the battery current and weight, while enhancing the battery life and increasing the driving range for plug-in electric vehicles, with the combination of a battery and an ultracapacitor (UC) as storage devices. The proposed topology interconnects the UC and battery directly to the three-phase load with a single-stage conversion using an inverter. The battery life is considerably reduced due to excess (peak) current drawn by the load, and these peak load current requirements are met by connecting the ultracapacitor to the battery, controlled through an inverter. Here, the battery is used to cater to the needs of constant profile energy demands, and the UC is used to meet the dynamic peak load profile. This system is highly efficient and cost-effective when compared to a contemporary system with a single power source. Through a comparative analysis, the cost-effectiveness of the proposed energy management system (EMS) is explained in this paper. Energy and power exchange are implemented with an open-loop control strategy using the PSIM simulation environment, and the system is developed with a hardware prototype using different modes of inverter control, which reduces the average battery current to 27% compared to the conventional case. The driving range of electric vehicles is extended using active power exchange between load and the sources. The dynamics of the ultracapacitor gives a quick response, with battery current shared by the ultracapacitor. As a result, the battery current is reduced, thereby enhancing the driving cycle. With the prototype, the results of the proposed topology are validated.

Energy Management Optimization of Series Hybrid Electric Bus Using an Ultra-Capacitor and Novel Efficiency Improvement Factors

“…The SHEB uses the ESS of the battery and UC connected in parallel. The battery usually demonstrates an advantage in energy density over the UC; conversely, the power density of the UC is more advanced than the battery [2,32]. UCs are well known for their high capacitance and semi-permanent lifetime [33].…”

Electric Vehicles Driven by 5-Phase Open-End Winding Machines Fed by Battery and Supercapacitors

“…The proposed EMS allows to manage the powers between the first and the second fictitious machines using the power ratio as shown in (17). In addition, in each fictitious machine, to control the powers of the battery and supercapacitors, lowpass filters are applied as shown in Fig.…”

“…Supercapacitors can be used in accelerations and decelerations (short-term power demand) while the battery is used for operations at constant speeds. The EVs driven by wye-connected winding 3-phase machines fed by single inverter, using batteries and supercapacitors, have been investigated in [14][15][16][17].…”

Applications of the Moora and Topsis Methods for Decision of Electric Vehicles in Public Transportation Technology

“…At the same time, there are some application and evaluation in the literature about alternative-fuel vehicle technology (Oztaysi et al 2017;Mukherjee 2017;Vaughan et al 2018;Sehatpour et al 2017;Yavuz et al 2015;Li et al 2019). Besides, various applications and research interests in the EV field such as environmental impact assessment (Choma, Ugaya 2017; Ensslen et al 2017;Nordelöf et al 2014), environmental life cycle assessment (Ercan et al 2015;Zhang et al 2018Zhang et al , 2019, charging technologies and battery technologies (Shareef et al 2016;Fotouhi et al 2016;Song et al 2018;Mahadik, Vadirajacharya 2019;Chiranjeevi et al 2020), charging infrastructure and location planning of charging stations (Andrenacci et al 2016;Xu et al 2016;Kong et al 2017;Guo, Zhao 2015;Awasthi et al 2017;Lin et al 2020) are found in the scientific literature.…”