Battery Storage-Based Frequency Containment Reserves in Large Wind Penetrated Scenarios: A Practical Approach to Sizing

Sandelić, Monika; Stroe, Daniel‐Ioan; Iov, Florin

doi:10.3390/en11113065

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this work, a linearized version of the swing equation was applied to determine the ESS rated power and energy capacity, and it was shown that this converter-interfaced system can achieve similar performance to a conventional peak power plant. Sandelic et al (2018) focused on primary control and proposed a broader three-stage methodology, which evaluates not only the battery dynamic response and provision of frequency reserves but also the lifetime and economic assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the first limitation, it must be noted that defining the rated active power and energy capacity of an ESS is a multi-stage process involving a techno-economical evaluation as emphasized by Sandelic et al (2018) and Riboldi et al (2021). Hence, the analysis of the ESS dynamic response is only one step of the problem, which requires integration into a broad optimization involving several time scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sizing of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Inertial and Primary Frequency Control

Alves¹,

Mota²,

Tedeschi³

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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The exponential rise of renewable energy sources and microgrids brings about the challenge of guaranteeing frequency stability in low-inertia grids through the use of energy storage systems. This paper reviews the frequency response of an ac power system, highlighting its different time scales and control actions. Moreover, it pinpoints main distinctions among high-inertia interconnected systems relying on synchronous machines and low-inertia systems with high penetration of converter-interfaced generation. Grounded on these concepts and with a set of assumptions, it derives algebraic equations to rate an energy storage system providing inertial and primary control. The equations are independent of the energy storage technology, robust to system nonlinearities, and rely on parameters that are typically defined by system operators, industry standards, or network codes. Using these results, the authors provide a step-by-step procedure to size the main components of a converter-interfaced hybrid energy storage system. Finally, a case study of a wind-powered oil and gas platform in the North Sea demonstrates with numerical examples how the proposed methodology 1) can be applied in a practical problem and 2) allows the system designer to take advantage of different technologies and set specific requirements for each storage device and converter according to the type of frequency control provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sizing of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Inertial and Primary Frequency Control

Alves¹,

Mota²,

Tedeschi³

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…4(a) is used. The profile is obtained by using the battery performance model developed in [13]. The c f ade results (Fig.…”

Section: B Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incremental Degradation Estimation Method for Online Assessment of Battery Operation Cost

Sandelić

Sangwongwanich

Blaabjerg

2022

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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To ensure optimal and economical battery operation, it is necessary to consider its lifetime-limiting aspects, e.g., performance degradation and degradation costs. Battery performance degradation is commonly assessed by offline lifetime models. They are suitable for battery planning and performance monitoring, but cannot be used in real-time operation. Therefore, in this letter, an incremental degradation cost estimation method for optimal battery real-time operation is proposed. It enables battery degradation evaluation for any time resolution and set of operating conditions during the real-time operation.

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“…In other words, it is the decrease of energy capacity and efficiency of BESS [32], [33]. Calculation of the capacity loss of BESS depending on both factors can be estimated according to the SoC changes of BESS [34]. Basically, in the calculation of the capacity loss of a BESS should be made according to both factors.…”

Section: 3assessment Of Bess Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Energy Storage System Sizing, Lifetime and Techno-Economic Evaluation for Primary Frequency Control: A Data-driven Case Study for Turkey

CETİNKAYA

Bal

AVCI

et al. 2022

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji

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The share of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems has been increasing in recent years. Future power systems will have lower inertia and difficult controllability, especially due to intermittent and variable renewable energy that is not dispatchable easily due to its fluctuating nature. Thus, it is necessary to increase the grid's flexibility to ensure system stability. For this need, new technologies such as battery energy storage systems (BESS) are widely discussed. It is thought to be very useful to create a fast and accurate response in frequency control services with BESSs, especially in low inertia grid conditions. The sizing, charge-discharge control, and lifetime of a BESS providing frequency control service depend heavily on the changes that may occur in the power systems. So, it is a very complex issue to decide during the investment phase. In this study, the optimum sizing, lifetime, and techno-economic evaluations of BESS providing primary frequency control (PFC) service have been made by grid's frequency data-driven. For this purpose, firstly; the BESS design providing PFC is created for Turkey's electricity system. Secondly, with the developed algorithm, the number of charge-discharge cycles of the BESS is calculated and the lifetime and capacity fading of the BESS are determined according to the frequency deviation. Finally, economic evaluations have been made for BESS considering the investment-operating costs and PFC market prices.

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Battery Storage-Based Frequency Containment Reserves in Large Wind Penetrated Scenarios: A Practical Approach to Sizing

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Sizing of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Inertial and Primary Frequency Control

Sizing of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Inertial and Primary Frequency Control

Incremental Degradation Estimation Method for Online Assessment of Battery Operation Cost

Battery Energy Storage System Sizing, Lifetime and Techno-Economic Evaluation for Primary Frequency Control: A Data-driven Case Study for Turkey

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