Bay Scallop Restoration in New York

Tettelbach, Stephen T.; Smith, Christopher F.

doi:10.3368/er.27.1.20

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Collectively, all of these findings suggest that C. virginica larvae are more likely than A. irradians to persist and expand in the face of HABs and coastal ocean acidification. Bivalve restoration efforts are commonly implemented to enhance the densities of depleted wild populations (Arnold et al 2002, Doall et al 2008, Tettelbach & Smith 2008). In the future, such efforts will need to consider the differential vulnerabilities of these species to stressors such as acidification and HABs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 & 7). In addition, when Aureococcus anophagefferens and CO 2 interacted to affect the performance of these larvae, the effects on A. irradians were synergistically negative (performance worse than predicted by each individual treatment) but were often antagonistic (better than , Doall et al 2008, Tettelbach & Smith 2008. In the future, such efforts will need to consider the differential vulnerabilities of these species to stressors such as acidification and HABs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of CO2 and the harmful alga Aureococcus anophagefferens on growth and survival of oyster and scallop larvae

Talmage¹,

Gobler

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globally, the frequency of harmful algal blooms is increasing and CO 2 concentrations are rising. These factors represent serious challenges to a multitude of estuarine organisms as well as to efforts to restore depleted stocks of filter-feeding bivalves. In this study, we compared the responses of larval bivalves Crassostrea virginica and Argopecten irradians to the brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens (250 × 10 6 cells l −1 and 1 × 10 9 cells l −1, respectively) and a gradient of CO 2 concentrations (~240, ~390, and ~850 ppm). Results indicated that A. anophagefferens and higher levels of CO 2 significantly depressed rates of survival, development, growth, and lipid synthesis of A. irradians larvae with the combination of both factors having the largest effects. C. virginica larvae were also negatively impacted by the harmful alga and elevated CO 2 , but displayed a higher overall survival rate when exposed to these combined stressors. For both species, high densities of A. anophagefferens (10 9 cells l −1) elicited a stronger negative effect on larval survival than high levels of CO 2 concentrations (~850 ppm). Collectively, these results demonstrate that the concurrent occurrence of harmful algal blooms and high CO 2 concentrations will have negative consequences for bivalve populations and further demonstrate that some species of larval bivalves are more resistant to these stressors than others. KEY WORDS: Bivalves · Carbon dioxide · Harmful algal bloom · Brown tide · Ocean acidification · Larvae · Shellfish · Crassostrea virginica · Argopecten irradians Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 464: [121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134] 2012 bivalves can play an important role in sustaining adult populations (Caley et al. 1996, Gosse lin & Qian 1997, Schneider et al. 2003, Arnold 2008. HAB-forming dinoflagellates have been shown to cause mortality in multiple species of bi valve larvae, including eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica (Springer et al. 2002, Leverone et al. 2006, Stoecker et al. 2008, Tang & Gobler 2009, northern quahogs Mercenaria mercenaria (Leverone et al. 2006, Tang & Gobler 2009, bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians and A. i. concentricus (Springer et al. 2002, Yan et al. 2003, Leverone et al. 2006, Tang & Gobler 2009, and Japanese scallops Chlamys farreri (Yan et al. 2001). In addition, the brown tide-forming pelagophyte Aureococcus ano pha gefferens has been shown to reduce survival, growth, and lipid content of northern quahog larvae (Padilla et al. 2006, Bricelj & MacQuarrie 2007 and can slow the growth of larval bay scallops (Gallager et al. 1989).Elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are also a significant threat to coastal bivalve populations. CO 2 levels have risen by 40% since the industrial revolution (Caldeira & Wickett 2003), and the rate of increase has tripled since the mid-20th century (Fussel 2009, Friedlingstein et al. 2010. These increases may ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of CO2 and the harmful alga Aureococcus anophagefferens on growth and survival of oyster and scallop larvae

Talmage¹,

Gobler

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…year) into the field, where the goal is for these to survive to the age (*1 year) at which time they will spawn and contribute to natural recruitment. US bay scallop restoration efforts have met with mixed success, but documented increases in local populations and/or fisheries have resulted from plantings in Massachusetts (Turner 1995;Karney, personal communication), New York (Krause 1992;Tettelbach and Wenczel 1993;Tettelbach and Smith 2009), North Carolina (Peterson et al 1996) and Florida (Arnold et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Utility of high-density plantings in bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians, restoration

Tettelbach

Barnes

Aldred³

et al. 2010

Aquacult Int

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two different methods of establishing high-density spawner sanctuaries for bay scallop (Argopecten irradians irradians) restoration were evaluated over 2 years at a site in Northwest Harbor, East Hampton, New York, USA. Hatchery-reared scallops, which had been overwintered at nearby sites, were free-planted directly to the bottom in late March/ early April at an initial target density of 94-128 scallops/m 2 . In addition, scallops were stocked in off-bottom culture units consisting of three vertically stacked 15-mm mesh ADPI Ò bags at densities of 50, 100, or 200 scallops/bag (=117, 234, or 468 scallops/m 2 ), respectively. Survival of scallops differed significantly by year, planting method, and scallop source. Survival of free-planted scallops was generally lower than caged scallops. Better survival of free-planted scallops in 2005 versus 2006 likely reflected the presence of luxuriant eelgrass beds in 2005, which were absent in 2006. Survival of scallops in ADPI bags was not appreciably related to stocking density. Shell growth was highest for freeplanted scallops; in cages, growth was somewhat better at 50 versus 200 scallops/bag. Wet weights of epibionts were significantly higher in caged versus free-planted scallops. Reproductive condition of scallops stocked at 50/bag was usually higher than at 200/bag. Both free-planting and off-bottom systems yielded high densities of adult bay scallops at the time of spawning, which ensures a higher probability of successful fertilization of spawned eggs and thus a greater potential for success of restoration efforts.

show abstract

“…We have shown that components 1 and 2, above, are feasible if larval production is high enough to swamp the respective larval and benthic predator fields (Taylor 1984, Tettelbach et al 2013, this study). The critical importance of sufficient broodstock density/numbers (Petraitis & Dudgeon 2004) and their correlation with larval settlement (Tettelbach et al 2013), as well as the relationships of larval settlement with (1) 0+ yr scallop density and (2) commercial fishery landings (as reported here), suggest that overcoming recruitment limitation is key to successful restoration, even while habitat for bay scallops may not be as ideal as it was historically.…”

Section: Components Of Successful Bay Scallop Restorationmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The numerical and functional responses of predators which may occur with increases in prey numbers (Holling 1959, Taylor 1984 highlight the need for rebuilding bivalve populations to levels high enough to persist in the face of intense predation pressure on the life stages most vulnerable to predation: larvae and small juveniles. The slight decline in overall population densities and commercial fishery landings in 2011 to 2013, following dramatic increases from 2008 to 2010, and a level mean number of spat bag −1 in 2013 compared to 2012 (S. Tettelbach unpubl.…”

Section: Components Of Successful Bay Scallop Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspiring to an altered stable state: rebuilding of bay scallop populations and fisheries following intensive restoration

Tettelbach¹,

Peterson²,

Carroll³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intensive efforts to restore bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians populations and fisheries in the Peconic Bays of eastern Long Island, New York, USA, were begun in 2006, following a 12 yr period during which commercial fishery landings averaged 1 to 2% of historical levels seen prior to 1985 to 1995 brown tide algal blooms. Compared to 2005 to 2006, natural population densities of 0+ yr scallops in fall increased 16 × by 2007 in Orient Harbor (OH), the focus of our restoration efforts; by 2009, densities in OH and other, unplanted, embayments had increased by 110 × and up to 331 ×, respectively. Spatial and temporal patterns paralleled those documented for larval recruitment; highly significant correlations between commercial harvest levels and both baywide larval settlement and juvenile benthic densities were revealed. Official fishery landings were 13 × those of pre-restoration levels by 2010 and have remained relatively stable through 2013. Following commencement of restoration, dockside revenues and economic benefit to the regional economy have increased by ~US$2 million and $20 million, respectively; our calculations suggest that these figures are 40% of actual numbers. Population resurgence is not correlated to temporal changes in predator populations or submerged aquatic vegetation cover. We conclude that rebuilding of Peconic bay scallop populations and fisheries has been driven by dramatic increases in bay scallop larval supply emanating from our intensive restoration efforts. By definition, we cannot say that Peconic bay scallops have attained an alternate stable state, but it is clear that dramatic increases in populations, fishery landings, and economic value are possible in just a few years.

show abstract

Bay Scallop Restoration in New York

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of CO2 and the harmful alga Aureococcus anophagefferens on growth and survival of oyster and scallop larvae

Effects of CO2 and the harmful alga Aureococcus anophagefferens on growth and survival of oyster and scallop larvae

Utility of high-density plantings in bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians, restoration

Aspiring to an altered stable state: rebuilding of bay scallop populations and fisheries following intensive restoration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About