BCG vaccination reduces the mortality of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected type 2 diabetes mellitus mice

Radhakrishnan, Rajesh; Thandi, Ramya Sivangala; Tripathi, Deepak; Paidipally, Padmaja; McAllister, Madeline Kay; Mulik, Sachin; Samten, Buka; Vankayalapati, Ramakrishna

doi:10.1172/jci.insight.133788

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Of note, it was recently reported, that BCG application in patients with advanced type 1 DM led to a sustained lowering of blood glucose levels 93,94 . BCG vaccination in type 2 DM mice not only lead to decreased mortality related to tuberculosis infection, but also decreased mortality related to DM in those mice without an infection 95 . Interestingly, these diabetes‐related BCG‐studies showed that repeated BCG vaccination restores pancreatic islet regeneration and induces an innate immune response, which may be beneficial in treating diabetes 93,96 .…”

Section: Possible Influence Of Bcg Vaccination On Patients With Pre‐ementioning

confidence: 95%

“…93,94 BCG vaccination in type 2 DM mice not only lead to decreased mortality related to tuberculosis infection, but also decreased mortality related to DM in those mice without an infection. 95 Interestingly, these diabetes-related BCG-studies showed that repeated BCG vaccination restores pancreatic islet regeneration and induces an innate immune response, which may be beneficial in treating diabetes. 93,96 Taken together, available studies support the potential use of BCG in type 1 DM patients, even in multiple doses.…”

Section: Possible Influence Of Bcg Vaccination On Patients With Pre-ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Trained immunity as a novel approach against COVID‐19 with a focus on Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine: mechanisms, challenges and perspectives

et al. 2020

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COVID‐19 is a severe health problem in many countries and has altered day‐to‐day life in the whole world. This infection is caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, and depending on age, sex and health status of the patient, it can present with variety of clinical symptoms such as mild infection, a very severe form or even asymptomatic course of the disease. Similarly to other viruses, innate immune response plays a vital role in protection against COVID‐19. However, dysregulation of innate immunity could have a significant influence on the severity of the disease. Despite various efforts, there is no effective vaccine against the disease so far. Recent data have demonstrated that the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine could reduce disease severity and the burden of several infectious diseases in addition to targeting its primary focus tuberculosis. There is growing evidence for the concept of beneficial non‐specific boosting of immune responses by BCG or other microbial compounds termed trained immunity, which may protect against COVID‐19. In this manuscript, we review data on how the development of innate immune memory due to microbial compounds specifically BCG can result in protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We also discuss possible mechanisms, challenges and perspectives of using innate immunity as an approach to reduce COVID‐19 severity.

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Section: Possible Influence Of Bcg Vaccination On Patients With Pre‐ementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Possible Influence Of Bcg Vaccination On Patients With Pre-ementioning

confidence: 99%

Trained immunity as a novel approach against COVID‐19 with a focus on Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine: mechanisms, challenges and perspectives

et al. 2020

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“…Treg was found to reduce mortality by diminishing damage causing inflammation in Mtb-infected type-2-diabetes mice. 123 On the other hand, Treg responses in humans postvaccination are heterogenous. 121 Individuals with high scarring/skin inflammation postvaccination exhibit an elevated pro-inflammatory response (high frequency of CD4 + IFNγ + IL-2 + TNFα + ) compared to individuals who had low scarring/localized skin inflammation but a more pronounced expansion in BCG-specific CD8 + Treg cells 121 suggesting that perhaps Treg cells indeed counter-regulate BCG-induced inflammation and may be detrimental to generation of vaccine-induced protective responses.…”

Section: Effect Of Bcg On Immune-regulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…119 Similar to active Mtb infection BCG inoculation has been shown to increase Treg frequencies in animal models as well as human studies (Figure 1). [120][121][122][123] This increase in Treg frequencies postadministration of BCG is believed to reduce its vaccination efficacy. 124,125 Absence of Tregs in BCG-vaccinated mice leads to higher cytotoxic T cell and Th1 responses 125 and marginally but significantly reduced bacterial burden postchallenge with Mtb.…”

Section: Effect Of Bcg On Immune-regulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, another study showed that depletion of Tregs had no effect on BCG vaccination efficacy 126 . Rather, the ability of BCG to expand IL‐13 producing CXCR3 + CD4 + Treg was found to reduce mortality by diminishing damage causing inflammation in Mtb ‐infected type‐2‐diabetes mice 123 . On the other hand, Treg responses in humans postvaccination are heterogenous 121 .…”

Section: Bcg‐induced Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A century of BCG: Impact on tuberculosis control and beyond

Ahmed

Rakshit

Adiga

et al. 2021

Immunological Reviews

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Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the sole vaccine currently in use for the control of tuberculosis, a disease that has claimed about a billion lives in the past 200 years, more in fact than malaria, smallpox, influenza, HIV/AIDS, cholera, and plague. 1 As of 2021, BCG has been in use for 100 years. It was developed at the Pasteur Institute, France, by physician Albert Calmette and veterinarian Camille Guѐrin by passaging virulent Mycobacterium bovis (M bovis) 230 times from 1908 to 1921 until an attenuated

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Multifunctional Composite Scaffold with Nanosilver, Graphene Oxide, and Macrophage Membrane Vesicles for Sequential Treatment of Infected Bone Defects

Sun,

Lu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The management of infected bone defects poses a significant clinical challenge, and current treatment modalities exhibit various limitations. This study focuses on the development of a multifunctional composite scaffold comprising nanohydroxyapatite/polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (HP) matrix, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), graphene oxide (GO), sodium alginate (SA), and M2‐type macrophage membrane vesicles (MVs) to enhance the healing of infected bone defects. The composite scaffold demonstrates several key features: first, it releases sufficient quantities of silver ions to effectively eliminate bacteria; second, the controlled release of MVs leads to a notable increase in M2‐type macrophages, thereby significantly mitigating the inflammatory response. Additionally, GO acts synergistically with nHA to enhance osteoinductive activity, thereby fostering bone regeneration. Through meticulous in vitro and in vivo investigations, the composite scaffold exhibits broad‐spectrum antimicrobial effects, robust immunomodulatory capabilities, and enhanced osteoinductive activity. This multifaceted composite scaffold presents a promising approach for the sequential treatment of infected bone defects, addressing the antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and osteogenic aspects. This study introduces innovative perspectives and offers new and effective treatment alternatives for managing infected bone defects.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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BCG vaccination reduces the mortality of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected type 2 diabetes mellitus mice

Cited by 19 publications

References 84 publications

Trained immunity as a novel approach against COVID‐19 with a focus on Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine: mechanisms, challenges and perspectives

Trained immunity as a novel approach against COVID‐19 with a focus on Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine: mechanisms, challenges and perspectives

A century of BCG: Impact on tuberculosis control and beyond

Multifunctional Composite Scaffold with Nanosilver, Graphene Oxide, and Macrophage Membrane Vesicles for Sequential Treatment of Infected Bone Defects

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