Beam Codebook Design for 5G mmWave Terminals

Mo, Jianhua; Ng, Boon Loong; Chang, SangHyun; Huang, Pengda; Kulkarni, Mandar N.; AlAmmouri, Ahmad; Zhang, Jianzhong Charlie; Lee, Jeongheum; Choi, Woo-Young

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2930224

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Finally, the phases of the codewords are quantized according to the number of bits of the phase shifters N b . Note that the choice of W d is not very critical as shown in [5] as long as N d is big enough.…”

Section: B Spherical Coverage and Hfssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although digital beamforming is elegant theoretically and results in excellent array gains, the commercial devices will most probably avoid using fully-digital beamforming due to its complexity, both in hardware and signal processing [4], [5]. Instead, analog beamforming, which is based on pre-designed codebooks, is proposed as an alternative and supported by the 3GPP 5G NR standard [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grip-Aware Analog mmWave Beam Codebook Adaptation for 5G Mobile Handsets

AlAmmouri

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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This paper studies the effect of the user hand grip on the design of beamforming codebooks for 5G millimeterwave (mmWave) mobile handsets. The high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used to characterize the radiation fields for fourteen possible handgrip profiles based on experiments we conducted. The loss from hand blockage on the antenna gains can be up to 20 − 25 dB, which implies that the possible hand grip profiles need to be taken into account while designing beam codebooks. Specifically, we consider three different codebook adaption schemes: a grip-aware scheme, where perfect knowledge of the hand grip is available; a semi-aware scheme, where just the application (voice call, messaging, etc.) and the orientation of the mobile handset is known; and a grip-agnostic scheme, where the codebook ignores hand blockage. Our results show that the ideal grip-aware scheme can provide more than 50% gain in terms of the spherical coverage over the agnostic scheme, depending on the grip and orientation. Encouragingly, the more practical semiaware scheme we propose provides performance approaching the fully grip-aware scheme. Overall, we demonstrate that 5G mmWave handsets are different from pre-5G handsets: the user grip needs to be explicitly factored into the codebook design.

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Section: B Spherical Coverage and Hfssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grip-Aware Analog mmWave Beam Codebook Adaptation for 5G Mobile Handsets

AlAmmouri

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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show abstract

“…Beamforming, which is required to combine the signals from different antennas, is a critical part of mmWave communications since it relies on high array gains [6]. Although digital beamforming is elegant theoretically and results in excellent array gains, the commercial devices will most probably avoid using fully-digital beamforming due to its complexity, both in hardware and signal processing [7], [8]. Instead, analog beamforming, which is based on pre-designed codebooks, is proposed as an alternative and supported by the 3GPP standard [9].…”

Section: A Motivation and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand Grip Impact on 5G mmWave Mobile Devices

AlAmmouri

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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This paper contributes a comprehensive study on the effect of the user hand grip on the design of 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) mobile handsets, specifically in terms of the antenna module placement and the beamforming codebook. The high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used to characterize the radiation fields for different antenna placements and 14 possible handgrip profiles based on the experiments that we conducted. The loss from hand blockage on the antenna gains can be up to 20-25 dB, which implies that the possible hand grip profiles need to be taken into account while designing the antenna module placement and beamforming codebook. Specifically, we consider three different codebook adaption schemes: a grip-aware scheme, where perfect knowledge of the hand grip is available; a semi-aware scheme, where just the application (voice call, messaging, and so on) and the orientation of the mobile handset is known; and a grip-agnostic scheme, where the codebook ignores the hand blockage. Our results show that the ideal grip-aware scheme can provide more than 50% gain in terms of the spherical coverage over the agnostic scheme, depending on the grip and orientation. Encouragingly, the more practical semi-aware scheme that we propose provides performance approaching the fully grip-aware scheme. Overall, we demonstrate that the 5G mmWave handsets are different from pre-5G handsets: the user grip needs to be explicitly factored into the antenna placement and the codebook design.INDEX TERMS 5G mobile phone, beamforming, codebook design, hand blockage, hand grips, mmWave.AHMAD ALAMMOURI (S'11) received the B.Sc. degree (Hons.

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“…In current mmWave communication standards IEEE 802.11ad [11] and IEEE 802.15.3c [12], two-stage beam training procedures are designed for beam alignment. In the first phase, a coarse grained sector-level sweep is performed, then in the second phase, a fine grained beam-level sweep is implemented [13], [14]. The exhaustive search over all possible transmission and reception directions is utilized in both phases, which induces a tradeoff between directivity gain and beam alignment overhead in the beamwidth optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%