Beam Energy Scaling of Ion-Induced Electron Yield From K+ Ions Impact on Stainless Steel Surfaces

Covo, M. Kireeff; Molvik, A.W.; Friedman, A.; Westenskow, G.A.; Barnard, J.J.; Cohen, R. H.; Lund, Darren E.; Grote, D.P.; Seidl, P.A.; Kwan, J.W.; Bača, D.; Bieniosek, F.M.; Celata, C.M.; Vay, Jean‐Luc; Vujic, J.

doi:10.1109/pac.2005.1591085

Cited by 2 publications

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“…4. We found that emission scaled with the electronic component of ion stopping in stainless steel, dE/dx [14], as has been found previously at higher energies [15]. However, the emission varied more slowly with the ion angle of incidence than 1/cos(θ), unlike measurements with 1 MeV K+ [12] and higher energy ions [13].…”

Section: B Additional Experimental Tools and Applicationssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, the emission varied more slowly with the ion angle of incidence than 1/cos(θ), unlike measurements with 1 MeV K+ [12] and higher energy ions [13]. Based on a modified Sternglass model [16], we have modeled the dependence on ion energy and the ion angle of incidence [14], evaluating a dE/dx model with the SRIM code [20]. The modelled electron yield in Fig.…”

Section: B Additional Experimental Tools and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

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Intense ion beams are an extreme example of, and difficult to maintain as, a non-neutral plasma. Experiments and simulations are used to study the complex interactions between beam ions and (unwanted) electrons. Such "electron clouds" limit the performance of many accelerators. To characterize electron clouds, a number of parameters are measured including: total and local electron production and loss for each of three major sources, beam potential versus time, electron line-charge density, and gas pressure within the beam. Electron control methods include surface treatments to reduce electron and gas emission, and techniques to remove, or block, electrons from the beam. Detailed, selfconsistent simulations include beam-transport fields, and electron and gas generation and transport, to compute unexpectedly rich behavior, much of which is confirmed experimentally. For example, in a quadrupole magnetic field, ion and dense electron plasmas interact to produce multi-kV oscillations in the electron plasma and distortions of the beam velocity space distribution, without becoming homogenous or locally neutral.[159 words, ~150 allowed] 2

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Section: B Additional Experimental Tools and Applicationssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: B Additional Experimental Tools and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

et al. 2007

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“…Electron emission decreases by factors ~20 from grazing to normal incidence, whereas desorption scales as a fractional power of 1/cos, decreasing by factors 2-3 over the same range of angles [27,28]. Both electron emission and gas desorption are minimized for impact near 0°, i.e., normal incidence and scale with the electronic component of ion energy loss in matter dE e /dx [2,3]. Gas will cause charge exchange (K + → K 0 ) and ionization (K + → K ++ or higher ionization states); ions that change charge will hit the beam tube in a long accelerator.…”

Section: Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Measured and modeled the scaling of electron emission with the electronic component of ion energy loss in matter [2]. 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical issues for high-brightness heavy-ion beams --prioritized

Molvik¹,

Cohen²,

Davidson³

et al. 2007

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SUMMARYThis study group was initiated to consider whether there were any "show-stopper" issues with accelerators for heavy-ion warm-dense matter (WDM) and heavy-ion inertial fusion energy (HIF), and to prioritize them. Showstopper issues would appear as limits to beam current; that is, the beam would be well-behaved below the current limit, and significantly degraded in current or emittance if the current limit were exceeded at some region of an accelerator. We identified 14 issues: 1-6 could be addressed in the near term, 7-10 are potentially attractive solutions to performance and cost issues but are not yet fully characterized, 11-12 involve multibeam effects that cannot be more than partially studied in near-term facilities, and 13-14 involve new issues that are present in some novel driver concepts. Comparing the issues with the new experimental, simulation, and theoretical tools that we have developed, it is apparent that our new capabilities provide an opportunity to re-examine and significantly increase our understanding of the number one issue -halo growth and mitigation.

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Beam Energy Scaling of Ion-Induced Electron Yield From K+ Ions Impact on Stainless Steel Surfaces

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

Critical issues for high-brightness heavy-ion beams --prioritized

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