Beam switching support to resolve link-blockage problem in 60 GHz WPANs

An, Xueli; Sum, Chin-Sean; Prasad, R. Venkatesha; Wang, Junyi; Zhou, Lan; Wang, Jing; Hekmat, R.; Harada, Hiroshi; Niemegeers, Ignas

doi:10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449837

Cited by 71 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The beamforming capability is at the same time a required feature for mm-wave radios in order to compensate for the high losses of radio propagation and the human blockage [160]- [163]. What makes the beamforming more relevant for future cellular applications is its potential for dense spatial frequency reuse; pointing a narrow, so-called pencil beams towards the intended user keeps interference to other users minimal, making multiple concurrent wireless data transfers feasible in a confined area [164], [165].…”

Section: Mm-wave Beamformingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Models and Beamforming at Millimeter-Wave Frequency Bands

Haneda

2015

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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SUMMARYMillimeter-wave (mm-wave) radio is attracting attention as one of the key enabling physical layer technologies for the fifthgeneration (5G) mobile access and backhaul. This paper aims at clarifying possible roles of mm-wave radio in the 5G development and performing a comprehensive literature survey on mm-wave radio channel modeling essential for the feasibility study. Emphasis in the literature survey is laid on grasping the typical behavior of mm-wave channels, identifying missing features in the presently available channel models for the design and evaluation of the mm-wave radio links within the 5G context, and exemplifying different channel modeling activities through analyses performed in the authors' group. As a key technological element of the mm-wave radios, reduced complexity beamforming is also addressed. Design criteria of the beamforming are developed based on the spatial multipath characteristics of measured indoor mm-wave channels.

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Section: Mm-wave Beamformingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Models and Beamforming at Millimeter-Wave Frequency Bands

Haneda

2015

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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“…Furthermore, as the dimensions of physical objects are typically large in relation to the operating wavelength, sharp shadow zones are formed in the 60 GHz band such that diffraction is not a significant propagation mechanism, a fact also verified experimentally [3]. In view of these propagation characteristics, the establishment of a reliable communication link in the 60 GHz band requires highly directional antennas or steerable antenna beams [4]. While directive antennas are prone to misalignment issues, steerable antenna beams have the flexibility to be directed towards the LOS path in a LOS connection, and if the LOS path is blocked, e.g., by human activity, the beam may be steered towards a strong first-order reflection in such a NLOS scenario [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Effects on Measured mm-Wave Channel Characteristics

Wyne

Haneda

Ranvier

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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Abstract-Beamforming is an important feature of 60 GHz communications. We present an analysis of the influence of beamforming in indoor ultrawideband radio channels measured in the mm-wave 60 GHz band. The performance of narrowband and wideband direction-based beamformers is investigated in terms of improving channel metrics such as the delay spread, excess delay, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The performance of the direction-based beamformers is compared with dominant eigenmode transmission and statistical beamforming. Our analysis reveals that in line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios, the two direction-based beamformers have a similar performance that approaches the upper bound set by dominant eigenmode transmission. In non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios, the direction-based beamformers show a performance degradation in relation to the upper bound, with the narrowband beamformer worse off than the wideband variant. The array gain in our measured NLOS scenarios is observed to exceed the theoretical upper limit valid for a rich scattering environment. We show that this result follows from the spatial structure of the measured NLOS channels that has only a few strong reflected components. We investigate the influence of array size on beamforming performance; 5×5 planar arrays are observed to improve the channel's delay metrics as well as the larger 7 × 7 planar arrays.

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“…D1 and D2 are located in D0's sector 2 and 3 respectively. Denote I D0 D1 = [1,2,3] as the directional signature of D1 to D0. Thus I D0 D2 = [2,3,4] is the directional signature of D2 to D0.…”

Section: Single Hopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A possible concurrent transmission schedule is as follows; see Figure 6(b). The PNC schedules i) five time slots for link (2,1) and link (4,3), where link (2,1) is active for three time slots and idle for two time slots, ii) six time slots for link (1,4), iii) four time slots for link (3,1), and iv) two time slots for link (1,2). From the transmission schedule, a total of 5 + 6 + 4 + 2 = 17 times slots are required to send all packets.…”

Section: Bp Cap Ctapmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of single and multi-hop link schedulers for mmWave wireless systems

Song

Chin

2015

Ad Hoc Networks

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Wireless communication at 60. GHz, aka mmWave, provides extremely high data rates, i.e., several Gb/s. Moreover, devices have a much shorter transmission range as compared to those operating in the 2.4 and 5. GHz bands. Indeed, links can be treated as pseudo-wires with minimal interference leakage. As a result, future 60. GHz systems will have very high spatial reuse. This, however, is at the expense of high propagation loss, which can be overcome using directional or smart antennas. Another promising solution is to employ relays to boost the signal of weak links. In particular, if relays are properly selected, they are able to offer higher data rates than direct links, and also help circumvent obstacles. To this end, we review state-of-the-art schedulers that take advantage of the high spatial re-use afforded by 60. GHz wireless systems to activate multiple links within a channel time allocation. Moreover, we survey works that use passive and active relays to overcome obstacles and to facilitate novel applications. We also survey those that maximize both spatial reuse and throughput of both direct and indirect (relay) links simultaneously. Wireless communication at 60 GHz, aka mmWave, provides extremely high data rates, i.e., several Gb/s. Moreover, devices have a much shorter transmission range as compared to those operating in the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. Indeed, links can be treated as pseudo-wires with minimal interference leakage. As a result, future 60 GHz systems will have very high spatial reuse. This, however, is at the expense of high propagation loss, which can be overcome using directional antennas. Another promising solution is to employ relays to forward data from senders to receivers. In particular, if relays are properly selected, they are able to offer higher data rates than direct links, and also help circumvent obstacles. To this end, we review state-of-the-art schedulers that take advantage of the high spatial re-use afforded by 60 GHz wireless systems to activate multiple links within a channel time allocation. Moreover, we survey works that use passive and active relays to overcome obstacles and facilitate novel applications. We also survey those that maximize both spatial reuse and throughput of both direct and indirect (relay) links simultaneously.

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Beam switching support to resolve link-blockage problem in 60 GHz WPANs

Cited by 71 publications

References 7 publications

Channel Models and Beamforming at Millimeter-Wave Frequency Bands

Channel Models and Beamforming at Millimeter-Wave Frequency Bands

Beamforming Effects on Measured mm-Wave Channel Characteristics

A survey of single and multi-hop link schedulers for mmWave wireless systems

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