Beamforming Performance Analysis of Millimeter-Wave 5G Wireless Networks

Abstract

With the rapid growth in the number of mobile devices and user connectivity, the demand for higher system capacity and improved qualityof-service is required. As the demand for high-speed wireless communication grows, numerous modulation techniques in the frequency, temporal, and spatial domains, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), time division multiple access (TDMA), space division multiple access (SDMA), and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), are being developed. Along with those approaches, electromagnetic waves' orbital angular momentum (OAM) is attracting attention because it has the potential to boost the wireless communication capacity. Antenna electromagnetic radiation can be described by a sum of Eigen functions with unique eigenvalues, as is well known. In order to address such issues, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is proposed which is considered as one of the potential technology for 5G wireless networks. The intrinsic feature of all electromagnetic waves is OAM. The OAM beams' unique qualities have led to a slew of new uses. Broadband OAM generators, on the other hand, have gotten very little attention, especially in the mmWave frequency band. The use of OAM in conjunction with mmWave can reduce the beam power loss, enhance the received signal quality, and hence increase the system capacity. The transmitter and receiver antennas must be coaxial and parallel to achieve precise mode detection. The proposed mmWave integrated with OAM system model is discussed in this study. The channel model is created using the channel transition characteristics. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system model is a good way to boost the system capacity.

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“…Weighty (1) and Weighty(M y ): These terms represent the weights associated with the first and last element in the vertical direction, respectively. Weights are used to adjust the amplitude and phase of signals from each antenna element, contributing to the overall beamforming direction and pattern.…”

“…Weightz (1) and Weightz(N x ): Similar to the vertical weights, these terms represent the weights associated with the first and last element in the horizontal direction. These weights also play a crucial role in steering the radiation pattern.…”

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