Bean polygalacturonase inhibitor protein-1 (PGIP-1) inhibits polygalacturonases from Stenocarpella maydis

Berger, David Kenneth; Oelofse, D.; Arendse, Melanie S.; Plessis, Erika du; Dubery, Ian A.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.2000.0274

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The only successful expression of PGIP has been obtained with plant systems. Two options are currently available; by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana that has been infected with a modified potato virus X (PVX) (Desiderio et al, 1997 andLeckie et al, 1999) and through the production of stably transformed transgenic plants in which a single pgip gene is being expressed (Desiderio et al, 1997, Berger et al, 2000and Powell et al, 2000. The latter option was chosen in this study, since Southern blot analysis indicated that the apple cultivar of study (Granny Smith) had a small pgip gene family of two to three members ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it was possible that the apple fruit extract could contain a mixture of PGIP proteins with different specificities, and therefore it was necessary to determine how many gene copies are present in this cultivar and to test the product of a specific apple pgip gene. a PGIP extracts were used at 300 ng total protein per reaction in the reducing sugar assay (Berger et al, 2000). b PGIP extracts from Mdpgip1 transgenic tobacco plants #2 to #9. c One unit of PGIP activity was defined as the amount of protein required to reduce the activity of 1 activity unit of PG (RGU) by 50% (Salvi et al, 1990).…”

Section: A Nigermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungi were grown in liquid medium containing pectin as the carbon source and PG extracts were prepared as described in Berger et al (2000), except that cultures were first grown in Czapex Dox broth and 1 mg ml −1 ampicillin before transfer to the pectin medium. C. lupini was grown at 23 °C, while B. obtusa and D. ambigua were grown at 25 °C.…”

Section: Growth Of Fungi For Preparation Of Pg Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. lupini was grown at 23 °C, while B. obtusa and D. ambigua were grown at 25 °C. PG activity and inhibition thereof by PGIPs was measured using the reducing sugar assay as described in Berger et al (2000). PGs were diluted appropriately so that the 60-min time point was within the linear range of activity.…”

Section: Growth Of Fungi For Preparation Of Pg Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mdpgip1 cassette is in the opposite orientation to the nptII gene in pCAM2300-appgip1A. The cloning junction points between insert and vector were shown to be correct by DNA sequencing (M13 Forward and Reverse primers used for the pCAM2300 constructs; pBI121 sequencing primer #2 (Berger et al, 2000) and M13 Forward primers used for pAppRTL2-NcoI).…”

Section: Construction Of Mdpgip1 Binary Vector For Tobacco Transformamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins

et al. 2006

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Extracts from apple fruit (cultivar "Granny Smith") inhibited the cell-wall degrading polygalacturonase (PG) activity of Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of anthracnose on lupins, as well as Aspergillus niger PG. Southern blot analysis indicated that this cultivar of apple has a small gene family of polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins (pgips), and therefore heterologous expression in transgenic tobacco was used to identify the specific gene product responsible for the inhibitory activity. A previously isolated pgip gene, termed Mdpgip1, was introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The mature MdPGIP1 protein was purified to apparent homogeneity from tobacco leaves by high salt extraction, clarification by DEAE-Sepharose and cation exchange HPLC. Purified MdPGIP1 inhibited PGs from C. lupini and PGs from two economically important pathogens of apple trees, Botryosphaeria obtusa and Diaporthe ambigua. It did not inhibit the A. niger PG, which was in contrast to the apple fruit extract used in this study. We conclude that there are at least two active PGIPs expressed in apple, which differ in their charge properties and ability to inhibit A. niger PG. Graphical abstractBiochemical characterization of the apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 was carried out by expression in a heterologous plant host, thus defining the activity of the product of this specific apple pgip gene. Article Outline

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Nigermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Of Fungi For Preparation Of Pg Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Of Fungi For Preparation Of Pg Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construction Of Mdpgip1 Binary Vector For Tobacco Transformamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins

et al. 2006

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Breeding for Resistance to Stenocarpella Ear Rot in Maize

Rossouw¹,

Pretorius

Silva

et al. 2009

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Evolution of Polygalacturonases and Polygalacturonase‐Inhibiting Proteins: A View Beyond the Classical Perspective

Haeger

Pauchet

Kirsch

2022

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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As the first line of defence, the plant cell wall represents a battleground for both attackers' arsenals of harmful compounds and defensive actions of plants. Plants counteract tissue maceration caused by their enemies' plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Among those, pectin‐degrading polygalacturonases (PGs) of the glycoside hydrolase family 28 (GH28) are impaired by PG‐inhibiting proteins (PGIPs), extracellular members of the leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) family. PG‐PGIP interaction is well studied in the context of microbial phytopathogens. However, hypothetically, every organism that benefits from PG activity could be affected by PGIPs. Herein, we develop this view from the plant, the insect and the evolutionary perspective: (i) Plants produce their own PGs, which are involved in different developmental processes. We revisit plant PG–PGIP interaction and discuss foundational studies in light of up‐to‐date plant PG amino acid sequence data. (ii) We summarise recent advances in the field of PGs produced by insects and insect‐associated microbial symbionts and review how PGIPs influence insect PGs. (iii) As the functions of PGIPs and closely related LRR proteins are not limited to the inhibition of PGs, we combine information on functionally characterised LRR proteins with a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis and discuss the roles of plant‐specific extracellular LRR proteins in plant resistance and beyond.

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Bean polygalacturonase inhibitor protein-1 (PGIP-1) inhibits polygalacturonases from Stenocarpella maydis

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins

Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins

Breeding for Resistance to Stenocarpella Ear Rot in Maize

Evolution of Polygalacturonases and Polygalacturonase‐Inhibiting Proteins: A View Beyond the Classical Perspective

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