Bearing the brunt: Mongolian khulan (Equus hemionus hemionus) are exposed to multiple influenza A strains

Soilemetzidou, Eirini; Bruin, Erwin de; Eschke, Kathrin; Azab, Walid; Osterrieder, Nikolaus; Czirják, Gábor Á.; Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar; Kaczensky, Petra; Walzer, Chris; Greenwood, Alex D.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108605

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All of the above means that the decrease in reproductive potential during the domestication of new economically valuable species of animals (for example, the Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus hemionus (Soilemetzidou et al, 2020)) can be compensated either by artificial selection for fertility in addition to the main desired trait or through interbreed crosses. When natural habitats of wild animals are included into economic land rotation by humans, an inbreeding-related diminution of their reproductive potential takes place (up to ex tinction), which can be compensated by subspecies crossings of these animals and by methods of assisted reproductive technology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential

et al. 2022

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One of the greatest achievements of genetics in the 20th century is D.K. Belyaev’s discovery of destabilizing selection during the domestication of animals and that this selection affects only gene expression regulation (not gene structure) and influences systems of neuroendocrine control of ontogenesis in a stressful environment. Among the experimental data generalized by Belyaev’s discovery, there are also findings about accelerated extinction of testes’ hormonal function and disrupted seasonality of reproduction of domesticated foxes in comparison with their wild congeners. To date, Belyaev’s discovery has already been repeatedly confirmed, for example, by independent observations during deer domestication, during the use of rats as laboratory animals, after the reintroduction of endangered species such as Przewalski’s horse, and during the creation of a Siberian reserve population of the Siberian grouse when it had reached an endangered status in natural habitats. A genome-wide comparison among humans, several domestic animals, and some of their wild congeners has given rise to the concept of self-domestication syndrome, which includes autism spectrum disorders. In our previous study, we created a bioinformatic model of human self-domestication syndrome using differentially expressed genes (DEGs; of domestic animals versus their wild congeners) orthologous to the human genes (mainly, nervous-system genes) whose changes in expression affect reproductive potential, i.e., growth of the number of humans in the absence of restrictions caused by limiting factors. Here, we applied this model to 68 human genes whose changes in expression alter the reproductive health of women and men and to 3080 DEGs of domestic versus wild animals. As a result, in domestic animals, we identified 16 and 4 DEGs, the expression changes of which are codirected with changes in the expression of the human orthologous genes decreasing and increasing human reproductive potential, respectively. The wild animals had 9 and 11 such DEGs, respectively. This difference between domestic and wild animals was significant according to Pearson’s χ2 test (p < 0.05) and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). We discuss the results from the standpoint of restoration of endangered animal species whose natural habitats are subject to an anthropogenic impact.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential

et al. 2022

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“…While cross-reaction with the H7N9 strain was excluded in both cases, antibodies obtained from the horses were assigned as H7N7 using a protein microarray (PA) technique, but when one of the sera was additionally tested via single radial haemolysis assay, it proved to be H7N3 positive. The authors suggested co-circulation of both subtypes, which are of equine and avian origin, respectively [ 51 ]. Antibodies to the H7 protein were also detected in the same animal species in Nigeria [ 52 ], where a haemagglutination inhibition technique using H7N3 antigen was applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Evidence of Common Equine Viral Infections in a Semi-Isolated, Unvaccinated Population of Hucul Horses

Bażanów

Pawęska

Pogorzelska

et al. 2021

Animals

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Huculs (Equus caballus) are an old breed of primitive mountain horses, originating from the Carpathian Mountains. To the best of our knowledge, data concerning the epidemiology of viral infections observed within this breed are sparse. The objective of this study was to estimate the serological status of a semi-isolated, unvaccinated Hucul herd, with respect to both common equine viral infections and horse-infecting arboviruses, the presence of which was previously reported in Poland. Twenty horses of the Hucul breed, living in a remote area in Poland, were studied in 2018 from March to May. Using nasal secretion swabs as a specimen source, isolation attempts were negative regarding ERAV, EHV-1, EAV, and EIV. According to the virus neutralisation method, in the sera obtained from the animals, antibodies against the following viruses were detected: EHV-1 in 12 horses (60%; with titres from 1:8 to 1:64), EIV A/H7N7 in 13 (65%; titres from 1:20 to 1:80), EIV A /H3N8 in 12 (60%; titres from 1:20 to 1:80), USUV in 5 (25%; titres from 1:10 to 1:80), and ERAV in 1 (5%; titre 1:32). Antibodies against EAV, EIAV, and WNV were not present in the tested sera. The detected presence of specific antibodies associated with five out of the eight equine viruses investigated indicates that the Hucul herd, due to its partial separation and lack of specific prophylaxis, could serve as a sentinel animal group for the detection of equine viruses/arboviruses present within the local ecosystem. The detection of common equine viral infections within the herd provides additional epidemiological data concerning the breed.

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Diseases and the Distributions of Wild and Domestic Equids

Dennis

Meyers

Mitchell

2023

Fascinating Life Sciences

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Bearing the brunt: Mongolian khulan (Equus hemionus hemionus) are exposed to multiple influenza A strains

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential

A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential

Serological Evidence of Common Equine Viral Infections in a Semi-Isolated, Unvaccinated Population of Hucul Horses

Diseases and the Distributions of Wild and Domestic Equids

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