Beaver increase in Ontario. Result of changing environment

Ingle-Sidorowicz, Heather M.

doi:10.1515/mamm.1982.46.2.167

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It predicts that when a population is facing a food resource in excess of that needed for maintenance and replacement of animals, an irruption and crash is the inevitable consequence. The dynamics of a beaver population are likely to be interactive with the dynamics of the available food resource (Taylor 1970;Bergerud & Miller 1976;Ingle-Sidorowicz 1982;Beier & Barrett 1987). The winter food of most beaver= decidous trees and bushec has a comparatively long regeneration time, which could imply great time lags that would strongly affect the system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Population Development of a Reintroduced Beaver (Castor fiber) Population in Sweden

Hartman

1994

Conservation Biology

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Deliberate reintroductions of locally extermi. hated animal species to areas within their former ranges is an increasingly important conservation tool Most reintroductions are fairly recent and still in an initial phase of population development There are few long-term studies of reintroduced population~ The aim of this study was to see if the population development of the reintroduced European beaver (Castor fiber)population in Sumden exhibits the same pattern of population development as other introduction~ in accordance with general theorie~ and to discuss possible management consequence£ Since the European beaver was reintroduced to Sweden 70 years ago, the population has developed in a way predicted by the Riney-Caughley model for introduced ungulate~ exhibiting an irruption and a subsequent decline. In two study area~ the rate of population increase (r) turned negative after 34 and 25 years and at densities of 0.25 and 0.20 colonies/km 2, respectively. The data suggest that management policy for an irruptive species should allow hunting during the rapid-increase phase thus maintaining food resources and avoiding uncontrolled pop. ulation decline DesarroUo a largo plazo de unq pobaci6n reintroducida de Castor (Castor fiber) en Suecia Resumen: Las reintroducciones deliberadas de especies de animales exterratnados en forma local en dreas dentro de st, antigua zona de distribuci6n es una manera de conserva. ci6n de tmportancia crecient¢ La mayor parte de las reintroducciones son bastante recienteg y todavta estdn en una fase iniclal del desarrollo poblacionaL Ya que estudios realizados durante una larga temporada son escaso~ no se sabe si se comportardn del mismo modo que otras especies reintroducidax El prop6sito de este estudio fue comprobar si el desarrollo poblacional de la poblaci6n de castor europeo (Castor fiber) reintroducido en Suecla exhibe el mismo pa-tr6n de desarrollo poblacional de otras introduccione~ de acuerdo con teorias generale~ y tambi~n discutir las posibies consecuencias para el manejo de especlas reintrodacidax E1 castor europeo rue reintroducido en Suecia hace 70 aao~ En este estudio mostramos que la poblaci6n se ha desarrollado segt~n la predicci6n del modelo Riney-Caughley para ungulados inroducido~ mostrando una irrupct6n y rods tarde una disminuci~ Si se pone r observa~ de dos areas estudlada~ en relaci6n con la temporada despu~s de ia colonizaci6n y se ajustan las curvas a los dato~ se obtienen modelos donde r pasa a set negativa despuds de 34 y 25 a~o~ y con densidades de 0.25 y 0.20 colonias/km 2. Los datos sugieren que la$ estratg]las de manejo de especie irruptivas deberlan permitir la caza durante la fase del crecieraento rdpido para mantener los recursos alimentario~ y tratar de evitar una declinacion problacional descontrolada 713

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Population Development of a Reintroduced Beaver (Castor fiber) Population in Sweden

Hartman

1994

Conservation Biology

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“…The few studies that have focused on the effects of beaver on the subsurface hydrology of riparian areas 1325 have been conducted mainly in semi-arid landscapes in the Western USA. Surprisingly, no studies have been conducted in lowland agricultural landscapes in countries such as Canada where beaver numbers have increased considerably in recent decades (Ingle-Sidorowicz, 1982). Riparian environments in agricultural landscapes have particular features that may influence the impact of beaver dams on groundwater chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beaver dams along an agricultural stream in southern Ontario, Canada: their impact on riparian zone hydrology and nitrogen chemistry

Hill

Duval

2009

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The hydrology and nitrogen biogeochemistry of a riparian zone were compared before and after the construction of beaver dams along an agricultural stream in southern Ontario, Canada. The beaver dams increased surface flooding and raised the riparian water table by up to 1Ð0 m. Increased hydraulic gradients inland from the stream limited the entry of oxic nitraterich subsurface water from adjacent cropland. Permeable riparian sediments overlying dense till remained saturated during the summer and autumn months, whereas before dam construction a large area of the riparian zone was unsaturated in these seasons each year. Beaver dam construction produced significant changes in riparian groundwater chemistry. Median dissolved oxygen concentrations were lower in riparian groundwater after dam construction (0Ð9-2Ð1 mg L 1 ) than in the pre-dam period (2Ð3-3Ð9 mg L 1 ). Median NO 3 -N concentrations in autumn and spring were also lower in the post-dam (0Ð03-0Ð07 mg L 1 ) versus the pre-dam period (0Ð1-0Ð3 mg L 1 ). In contrast, median NH 4 -N concentrations in autumn and spring months were higher after dam construction (0Ð3-0Ð4 mg L 1 ) than before construction (0Ð13-0Ð14 mg L 1 ). Results suggest that beaver dams can increase stream inflow to riparian areas that limit water table declines and increase depths of saturated riparian soils which become more anaerobic. These changes in subsurface hydrology and chemistry have the potential to affect the transport and transformation of nitrate fluxes from adjacent cropland in agricultural landscapes.

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“…Shorelands in Algonquin Park are almost invariably fringed with conifer and this may be due to an effect of microclimate (Denneler et al 1999) and / or the selective feeding of beaver on hardwoods which can, over time, create a purely coniferous shoreline (Johnston andNaiman 1990, Barnes andMallik 2001). Beaver benefit greatly from riparian disturbance, especially from fire (Lawrence 1954, Ingle-Sidorowicz 1982. In the absence of fire suppression and with (as I have suggested) blowdown more active, riparian zones of Algonquin's presettlement forest probably had more disturbance and thus higher beaver populations and a more diverse riparian fauna.…”

Section: Riparian Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presettlement hardwood forests and wildlife of Algonquin Provincial Park: A synthesis of historic evidence and recent research

Quinn¹

2004

The Forestry Chronicle

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The hypothetical structure and composition of the presettlement tolerant hardwood forests of Algonquin Provincial Park are contrasted with current conditions, primarily via a review of the literature and recent research in the Park. Change over time of the overstory and gap structure of the forest and also of riparian habitat is examined, and implications made regarding the wildlife community, in particular the wolf-prey system. There has, since the early 1800s, been a loss of conifer, alteration in gap size structure, qualitative change in woody debris, a reduction in basal area and of "supersize" trees, and a reduction in early successional riparian (beaver) habitat. Overall, the presettlement community of terrestrial vertebrates was probably richer, but it is emphasized that these changes are not fundamental; the forest ecosystem is substantively similar to the past.Key words: northern hardwoods, wildlife, tolerant hardwoods, Algonquin Park, moose, beaver, wolves, presettlement La structure hypothétique et la composition des forêts de feuillus tolérants pré-coloniales dans le parc provincial Algonquin sont très différentes des conditions actuelles, principalement suite à une revue de la littérature et aux recherches récentes effectuées dans le parc. Le changement au cours du temps dans le couvert et la structure d'étalement de la forêt ainsi que l'habitat riverain ont été étudiés en plus des implications sur la communauté faunique, plus particulièrement pour le système loup-proie. On constate depuis le début des années 1800 une diminution au niveau des conifères, une modification de la taille de la structure d'étalement, une modification qualitative des débris ligneux, une réduction de la surface terrière et des arbres de « forte taille » et une diminution de l'habitat riverain (castor) en début de succession. En somme, la communauté pré-coloniale de vertébrés terrestres était probablement plus riche, mais il est souligné que ces changements ne sont pas fondamentaux; l'écosystème forestier est substantiellement semblable à ce qu'il était dans le passé.

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Beaver increase in Ontario. Result of changing environment

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Long‐Term Population Development of a Reintroduced Beaver (Castor fiber) Population in Sweden

Long‐Term Population Development of a Reintroduced Beaver (Castor fiber) Population in Sweden

Beaver dams along an agricultural stream in southern Ontario, Canada: their impact on riparian zone hydrology and nitrogen chemistry

The presettlement hardwood forests and wildlife of Algonquin Provincial Park: A synthesis of historic evidence and recent research

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