Becoming a nonagenarian: Factors associated with survival up to 90 years old in 70+ men and women. Results from the paquid longitudinal cohort

Abstract

Our findings confirm that survival up to 90 is a multifactorial phenomenon with similarities and specificities by gender. Consequently, primary prevention and global consideration of ageing (social, material, financial, psychological) are necessary to promote not only longevity but also successful ageing in order to face the future societal challenges due to demographic ageing.

Health, frailty and disability after ninety: Results of an observational study in France

“…Regarding chronic health problems, we found joint and cardiovascular disease (high blood pressure) to the forefront of health problems reported by the oldest old, in agreement with previous studies (Andersen-Ranberg, Schroll, & Jeune., 2001; Edjolo et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2012). The relative stability of the prevalence of chronic diseases between age groups observed in this study may be partly explained by a selection effect.…”

“…However, the prevalence of cognitive impairment was higher among the older cohort. Using similar definitions, our estimate of cognitive impairment in nonagenarians was lower than estimates from the PAQUID study, a French study on cognitive ageing (26% versus 35%) (Edjolo et al, 2013). People included in the PAQUID study were recruited free of dementia at baseline and followed up for more than 20 years, whereas the SIPAF study had a cross-sectional design where one can expect the lower participation of people with cognitive impairment.…”

“…This difference is common in the literature (Edjolo et al, 2013;von Strauss et al, 2003;Berlau et al, 2012;Kingston et al, 2012). Whereas women live longer, European data show that they live longer with health problems compared to men .…”

“…The predominance of functional indicators in early studies was counterbalanced thereafter by the use of health indicators (physical and mental illnesses) (Collerton et al, 2009;Marengoni, Winblad, Karp, & Fratiglioni, 2008). Some tried to classify the oldest old in homogeneous groups according to their health and/or functional status (Cevenini et al, 2013;Gondo et al, 2006;Motta et al, 2005) and others to investigate the predictors of longevity (Dupre, Liu, & Gu, 2008;Edjolo et al, 2013;Ferrer et al, 2008;Robine et al, 2012;Tiainen, Luukkaala, Hervonen, & Jylha, 2013). In order to better understand the heterogeneity of situations in old age, Rowe and Kahn suggested to distinguish and value "successful ageing" from ageing with disability or in poor health (Rowe & Kahn, 1987).…”

Should we use gait speed in COPD, FEV1in frailty and dyspnoea in both?

“…In the future, it might also prompt a wider assessment that would include frailty. In addition, dyspnoea is an independent predictor for mortality in COPD [57] and CVD [58], but also in the general population [59] and for all-cause mortality in older aged adults [60][61][62].…”