Becoming Entrepreneurs

Harvey, Adia M.

doi:10.1177/0891243205280104

Cited by 94 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These findings suggest contextual differences, which could be probably explained by the changing economies where young people end up in small entrepreneur businesses [31]. Globally, women dominate this industry [29, 32–34]; however, in the study, this was the reverse; more men are resorting to less manual work or due to lessening job opportunities, and men are seeking work in this employment sector. Over half, 143 (58.9%), had attained secondary education and above and had worked in the nail cosmetics business for over two years (153 (63%)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Determinants of Exposures to Hazardous Materials among Nail Cosmeticians in the Kampala City, Uganda

Ssempebwa

Ndejjo

Neebye

et al. 2019

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Globally, nail salons represent a fast expanding industry and often with low-income cosmeticians. In general, cosmeticians have limited access to safety information about the hazardous materials they handle, which would potentially enable them to minimize workplace exposures. The problem is much pronounced in low- and middle-income countries due to weaknesses in regulation of the industry. We investigated determinants of exposures to hazardous materials among nail cosmeticians in Kampala District, Uganda. We employed a cross-sectional study design among a random sample of 243 participants. The sociodemographic characteristics, education and training status, knowledge about routes of exposure to hazardous chemicals, and personal protective material use of cosmeticians were assessed through face-to-face interviews. Most cosmeticians were aged 18–34 years, and more males were engaged in this work than females. Also, 82.7% believed inhalation was the major exposure route for the chemicals they handled. Participants who had attained secondary-level education and above were over three times more likely to wear masks (AOR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.58–6.41) and gloves (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI 1.55–7.81) and over two times more likely to use aprons (AOR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.18–5.32). Participants who had ever received safety training on hazardous chemicals were more likely to wear all four personal protective equipment: masks (AOR = 3.21, 95% CI 1.61–6.42), gloves (AOR = 4.23, 95% CI 2.05–8.75), goggles (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI 1.25–13.65), and aprons (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI 1.25–5.96). Participants who had spent more than two years in the nail cosmetics business were more likely to wear masks (AOR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.64–6.95). With the increasing demand for nail cosmetics, and many people in urban areas of low-income countries engaging in this industry, there is need for training and better workplace policies to promote a healthier urban workforce dealing in cosmetics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Determinants of Exposures to Hazardous Materials among Nail Cosmeticians in the Kampala City, Uganda

Ssempebwa

Ndejjo

Neebye

et al. 2019

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Black business owners often account for success in ways other than profitability. Black women business owners report being pillars in their community as a measure of success and being able to provide a service to their community as a positive aspect of owning a business (Beggs & Garmsmoke 1994;Harvey 2005;Robinson et al 2007). There is a tendency for minority small business owners to target clients of shared racial backgrounds (Bates & Robb 2014) In metropolitan areas, approximately 57% of firms in minority neighborhoods are owned by minorities, while over 80% of firms in nonminority neighborhoods are owned by White business owners (Bates & Robb 2014).…”

Section: Black Businesses In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Black beauty aids use their ethnic resources to build rapport and cultivate business connections with other Black business owners in the hair industry because salon owners and barbers feel more comfortable buying supplies from distributors that looked like them (Silverman 1999). Black women business owners are also able to adopt helping ideologies, mentor other Black women, and create safe spaces for women of color through their businesses (Harvey 2005). Although they tend to have less diverse social networks (Renzulli et al 2000), understanding how Black women business owners capitalize on shared racial identities informs how Black women are able to circumvent challenges presented by their social networks.…”

Section: Black Women In Businessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Struggles and Strategies of Black Women Business Owners in the U.S.

Jackson¹,

Sanyal²

2019

jba

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Black women start businesses at a rate above the national average. Yet, a revenue gap persists when compared to businesses owned by Black men and White men and women. Existing explanations for the differences in revenue highlight the lack of experience and limited access to start-up capital that constrain racial and gender minorities and also the type of industries in which they operate. Research specifically examining Black women business owners is very limited. In this article, we explore if Black women business owners’ gender and racial identities pose challenges to running their businesses. We find that, because of their race and gender, Black women business owners contend with unique challenges that many entrepreneurs do not face. In-depth interviews reveal that they confront negative stereotypes held about them and, surprisingly, experience difficulties interacting with Black clients. These entrepreneurs cite navigation strategies that include monitoring self-presentation, adopting standards of excellence, and creating clear professional boundaries. This study suggests that Black women business owners might be spending more time than other business owners navigating challenges specifically linked to their identity, which seems to impact their business directly.

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“…Moreover, care and beauty are intimately connected. Care still remains in the hands of women, mainly immigrants (Hochschild 1983;Anthias and Mehta 2003;Harvey 2005), whilst beauty is associated with special types of care and treatments that bodies receive, underlining a very delicate aesthetic dimension: manicure, pedicure, hair or more holistic services such as massage and treatments provided in spas. Thus, the notion of beauty is embedded in the notion of care, and beauty and care are tied to the body.…”

Section: Beautification Embedded In Female Immigrants' Business and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can stigma become a resource? The mobilisation of aesthetic–corporal capital by female immigrant entrepreneurs from Brazil

Malheiros¹,

Padilla²

2014

Identities

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The proportion and visibility of Brazilian women and particularly the specific images of Brazil and Brazilians in the Portuguese imaginary have contributed to the construction of new versions of stigma and stereotypes surrounding them. Mainstream images of Brazilian women have incorporated prejudices about the sensuality of Creole women who are reminiscent of the Portuguese colonial imaginary. Starting from this stigmatised image, we show how Brazilian women entrepreneurs in the 'beauty' business filière reinterpret and mobilise this perceived negative image, transforming it into an added value associated with an 'aesthetic' Brazilian body culture. This idea of 'body' aesthetics becomes a business resource transformed into aestheticcorporal capital, a key component of the Brazilian beauty business filière. Empirically, this research is based on qualitative elements, in particular 25 interviews with Brazilian women entrepreneurs of the beauty filière working in Portugal, collected for the project BELTS-W (Brazilian Entrepreneurial Links and Transnational Strategies-Women).

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Becoming Entrepreneurs

Cited by 94 publications

References 25 publications

Determinants of Exposures to Hazardous Materials among Nail Cosmeticians in the Kampala City, Uganda

Determinants of Exposures to Hazardous Materials among Nail Cosmeticians in the Kampala City, Uganda

Struggles and Strategies of Black Women Business Owners in the U.S.

Can stigma become a resource? The mobilisation of aesthetic–corporal capital by female immigrant entrepreneurs from Brazil

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