Bed Bug Infestation: Its Control and Management

Evaluation of Piperonyl Butoxide as a Deltamethrin Synergist for Pyrethroid-Resistant Bed Bugs

“…Insects were obtained from colonies maintained at 26ЊC, 65 Ϯ 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Two strains used were highly resistant to deltamethrin (Romero et al 2007a,b), CIN-1 (collected in 2005 in Cincinnati, OH) and WOR-1 (collected in 2007 in Worcester, MA), and two were susceptible (Romero et al 2007a,b) LA-1 (collected in 2006 in Los Angeles, CA) and Fort Dix, which has not been exposed to insecticides for Ͼ30 yr ( Bartley and Harlan 1974). Insects were fed in the laboratory through a paraÞlm-membrane feeder with citrated rabbit blood which was heated to 39ЊC with a circulating water bath (Montes et al 2002).…”

Arthropods in dermatology

“…The insect is 3 to 6 mm in length and wingless and, although incapable of flight or jumping, can run rapidly with its six legs when ambient temperatures are sufficiently warm. [325][326][327] The bedbug is a nocturnal feeder, coming out of hiding when its victim has retired to bed. When not feeding, it stays hidden in the cracks and crevices of headboards and furniture, behind loose wallpaper, in picture frames, or any dark place that can accommodate its flattened body.…”

“…327 Bedbugs are spread chiefly in clothing and baggage of travelers and visitors, secondhand beds, and laundry. 28,325 The bites are painless, and these bloodsuckers are not usually noticed unless large numbers are present. 47 Unlike head and pubic lice, the bedbug does not remain on the body after feeding.…”

“…There is currently no convincing evidence that Cimex species act as vectors in the natural state; however, studies that show transmission of the hepatitis B virus from infected bedbugs to laboratory rabbits and guinea pigs raise the possibility of such transmission to human beings in endemic areas. 325,326,331,332 …”

Bedbug bites: a review

“…Females are slightly smaller than males. Each female will lay between 200 and 500 cream‐colored eggs in her lifetime 3 . Fertilized eggs are deposited in crevices, and hatch within 5–10 days at room temperature.…”