Bed Bug Laboratory Maintenance

Feldlaufer, Mark F.; O'Connor, L; Ulrich, Kevin R.

doi:10.1002/9781119171539.ch21

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Readily identifying male and female nymphs may reduce costs in bedbug breeding facilities (Feldlaufer et al, 2018). Our results show that male and female bedbug nymphs can be easily and reliably separated by the pointedness of their abdomen in the last nymphal stage, allowing for bulk breeding and late isolation of the sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such efforts include research that requires the laboratory breeding of thousands of animals not only for testing insecticides and critical temperatures (e.g. Ashbrook, Scharf, Bennett, & Gondhalekar, 2017, 2019; Gaire, Scharf, & Gondhalekar, 2019; Puckett, McDonald, & Gold, 2013; Romero, Potter, Potter, & Haynes, 2007), reviewed by Hase, 1930; Usinger, 1966; Feldlaufer, O'Connor, & Ulrich, 2018) but also for screening for novel control targets such as symbionts (Balvín, Roth, Talbot, & Reinhardt, 2018; Goodman, 2018), neuropeptides (Predel, Neupert, Derst, Reinhardt, & Wegener, 2018) or communication molecules (Gries, Zhai, Lewis, Britton, & Gries, 2018). All these targets are closely linked to the two major aspects that alter bedbug physiology, feeding and mating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protocols to standardize the feeding status and other aspects of the blood consumption by bedbugs are well established and straight forward (Feldlaufer et al, 2018). However, protocols to standardize the mating status require the individualization of hundreds of nymphs, their breeding through to the adult stage to obtain virgin individuals, particularly important for females (Kaufmann & Otti, 2018; Reinhardt, Naylor, & Siva–Jothy, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sex differences in bedbug nymphs, Cimex lectularius

Langer

Froschauer

Reinhardt

2020

J Applied Entomology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex differences in bedbug nymphs, Cimex lectularius

Langer

Froschauer

Reinhardt

2020

J Applied Entomology

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“…Apart from the blood source and artificial feeding systems, an important property of the blood used for laboratory rearing is the choice of anticoagulant. Sodium citrate is one of the possible choices, commonly applied to rabbit blood (reviewed by Feldlaufer et al 2018); a small number of studies report its use with human blood (Araujo et al 2009, Feldlaufer et al 2010, Leulmi et al 2015). Other anticoagulants are sodium citrate in the form of CPD or CPDA (citrate phosphate dextrose, adenine) which enable the storage of blood for transfusion over several weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in body size and fertility due to artificial and natural feeding of laboratory common bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

Sasínková,

Křemenová,

Chajma

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Rearing common bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) and other hematophagous insects is essential for basic, medical, and pest-control research. Logistically, acquiring fresh blood can be a challenge, while biologically, the eventual effects of different rearing and blood preparation protocols on bed bug genotype and phenotype pose a risk of biased research results. Using bed bug populations that are either bat- (BL) or human-related (HL), we tested the short- and long-term effects of rearing bugs on live bats or human volunteers, or artificially on CPDA (citrate phosphate dextrose, adenine)-treated blood, measuring meal size, body size, and fertility. We found that artificial feeding did not affect meal size compared with feeding on natural hosts. Long-term rearing across many generations of HL on CPDA-preserved blood led to reduced body size and fertility compared with populations reared on human volunteers. Blood preservatives increased the proportion of sterile eggs even after a single feed. Finally, our results indicated that laboratory reared bed bugs were smaller, regardless of the blood source, than wild bugs. Similar effects of artificial feeding or laboratory rearing alone should be considered in future studies using bed bug cultures to choose an appropriate rearing protocol. With regard to switching between bat and human hosts, HL took smaller meals and BL had lower fertility when fed on bats than when fed on humans. We attribute these results to methodological constrains, specifically the inconsistency of bat feeding, rather than to host specialization. Nevertheless, BL can be easily reared using human blood and artificial feeding systems.

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The Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Does Not Commonly Use Canines and Felines as a Host in Low-Income, High-Rise Apartments

Black

Chandler

Fryxell

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Entomology

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The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) is a known pest and an obligate blood-feeding ectoparasite. Bed bugs can feed on warm-blooded animals including humans, bats, poultry, and rabbits, but no research has investigated the use of companion animals (canines and/or felines) as a blood source. This study investigates how long known host DNA could be detected in a bed bug and the prevalence of bed bugs feeding on companion animals. Laboratory-reared bed bugs were fed host blood to determine how long DNA of human, feline, canine, and rabbit blood could be detected up to 21 d postfeeding. Additionally, 228 bed bugs were collected from 12 apartments with pets (6: canine, 5: feline, and 1: canine and feline), characterized as engorged or unengorged, and then screened with host-specific primers to identify the bloodmeal. Host meals of human, rabbit, feline, and canine blood were detected up to 21 d after feeding laboratory strains. All bed bugs died after feeding on the canine blood, but DNA could be detected up to 21 d post feeding/death. Of the field-collected bed bugs analyzed, human DNA was amplified in 158 (69.3%) bed bugs, canine DNA amplified in 7 bed bugs (3.1%), and feline DNA amplified in 1 bed bug (0.4%). Results of this study suggest that bed bugs predominately feed on humans and rarely feed on companion animals when they cohabitate in low-income, high-rise apartments. Additionally, results from this study warrant future investigations into host use by bed bugs in different housing structures and socioeconomic environments.

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Bed Bug Laboratory Maintenance

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

Sex differences in bedbug nymphs, Cimex lectularius

Sex differences in bedbug nymphs, Cimex lectularius

Changes in body size and fertility due to artificial and natural feeding of laboratory common bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

The Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Does Not Commonly Use Canines and Felines as a Host in Low-Income, High-Rise Apartments

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