Bedbugs Evolved before Their Bat Hosts and Did Not Co-speciate with Ancient Humans

Roth, Steffen; Balvín, Ondřej; Siva‐Jothy, Michael T.; Iorio, Osvaldo Di; Benda, Petr; Calva, Omar; Faúndez, Eduardo I.; Khan, Faisal Ali Anwarali; McFadzen, Mary E.; Lehnert, Margie P.; Naylor, Richard; Simov, Nikolay; Morrow, Edward H.; Willassen, Endre; Reinhardt, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.048

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, DNA template was obtained from various species of cimicids from the recently published bed bug phylogeny by Roth et al (2019) (Table 2). For each species, we received 10 µl extracted genomic DNA in 0.2 µl tubes from Steffen Roth (University Museum of Bergen, Norway) and Klaus Reinhardt (TU Dresden, Germany), which we stored in −20 • C until used.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Torix Rickettsia In C Lectularius Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmission, Tropism, and Biological Impacts of Torix Rickettsia in the Common Bed Bug Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2020

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The torix group of Rickettsia have been recorded from a wide assemblage of invertebrates, but details of transmission and biological impacts on the host have rarely been established. The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius) is a hemipteran insect which lives as an obligatory hematophagous pest of humans and is host to a primary Wolbachia symbiont and two facultative symbionts, a BEV-like symbiont, and a torix group Rickettsia. In this study, we first note the presence of a single Rickettsia strain in multiple laboratory bed bug isolates derived from Europe and Africa. Importantly, we discovered that the Rickettsia has segregated in two laboratory strains, providing infected and uninfected isogenic lines for study. Crosses with these lines established transmission was purely maternal. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis indicates Rickettsia infection in oocytes, bacteriomes, and other somatic tissues. We found no evidence that Rickettsia infection was associated with sex ratio distortion activity, but Rickettsia infected individuals developed from first instar to adult more slowly. The impact of Rickettsia on fecundity and fertility resulted in infected females producing fewer fertile eggs. However, we could not find any evidence for cytoplasmic incompatibility associated with Rickettsia presence. These data imply the existence of an unknown benefit to C. lectularius carrying Rickettsia that awaits further research.

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Section: Prevalence Of Torix Rickettsia In C Lectularius Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are grateful to Steffen Roth (University Museum of Bergen) and Klaus Reinhardt (TU Dresden) who made samples available from their recently published phylogeny (Roth et al, 2019). Thanks to Sam Edwards for bed bug instars in FISH imaging.…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, Tropism, and Biological Impacts of Torix Rickettsia in the Common Bed Bug Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2020

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“…Until now, what has been lacking has been a time-calibrated phylogeny with representation of species across multiple sub-families. Here, in this issue of Current Biology, Steffen Roth and colleagues [4] present such a phylogeny, shedding light on the dynamics of host utilization and transition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evolution: Bedbugs Evolved before Their Assumed Ancestral Host

Booth

2019

Current Biology

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“…Human-associated and bat-associated bed bugs, henceforth called human lines (HL) and bat lines (BL), are two separate genetic lineages that may eventually diverge into two different species 64 . We also examined a closely related species, Cimex pipistrelli 64,65 , henceforth called the bat bug, that is only associated with bats. Both species belong to the Cimicidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) and exclusively live on the blood of either bats or humans, are nocturnal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and age-dependence of pteridines in bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) and bat bugs (C. pipistrelli) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Křemenová

Balvín

Otti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Determining the age of free-living insects, particularly of blood-sucking species, is important for human health because such knowledge critically influences the estimates of biting frequency and vectoring ability. Genetic age determination is currently not available. Pteridines gradually accumulate in the eyes of insects and their concentrations is the prevailing method. Despite of their stability, published extractions differ considerably, including for standards, for mixtures of pteridines and even for light conditions. This methodological inconsistency among studies is likely to influence age estimates severely and to hamper their comparability. Therefore we reviewed methodological steps across 106 studies to identify methodological denominators and results across studies. Second, we experimentally test how different pteridines vary in their age calibration curves in, common bed (Cimex lectularius) and bat bugs (C. pipistrelli). Here we show that the accumulation of particular pteridines varied between a) different populations and b) rearing temperatures but not c) with the impact of light conditions during extraction or d) the type of blood consumed by the bugs. To optimize the extraction of pteridines and measuring concentrations, we recommend the simultaneous measurement of more than one standard and subsequently to select those that show consistent changes over time to differentiate among age cohorts.

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Bedbugs Evolved before Their Bat Hosts and Did Not Co-speciate with Ancient Humans

Cited by 39 publications

References 45 publications

Transmission, Tropism, and Biological Impacts of Torix Rickettsia in the Common Bed Bug Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Transmission, Tropism, and Biological Impacts of Torix Rickettsia in the Common Bed Bug Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Evolution: Bedbugs Evolved before Their Assumed Ancestral Host

Identification and age-dependence of pteridines in bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) and bat bugs (C. pipistrelli) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

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