Bedeutung der Familienanamnese bei kolorektalem Karzinom^*

Abstract

To assess the familial risk of colorectal cancer among first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients, a tumour-related family history study was conducted in 1982-1988 on 184 patients (median age 60 [28-92] years). These family data were compared with the data recorded in the cancer register of the population of Basel. An enhanced risk among first-degree relatives was noted (relative risk: 1.8%; 95% confidence interval: 1.4-2.3). The enhanced risk was attributed exclusively to seven families involving 2-3 relatives each (the relative risk in these families being 34). In four of these seven families an autosomal dominant site-specific cancer of the colon (Lynch's syndrome I) was diagnosed. Hence, family case history of colorectal cancer patients enables the identification of relatives with a high risk for colorectal carcinoma.

Effects of Family History on Relative and Absolute Risks for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Characteristics of selected studies are summarized in Supplementary Tables 2 and 3. Among these, 23 studies were conducted in Europe, 17,18,20,[24][25][26]29,31,34,36,37,39,40,42,46,57,59,60,[63][64][65]71,77 18 in the Asia-Pacific nations, 19,23,32,38,45,47,49,50,52,[54][55][56]62,66,70,72,74,76 and 21 in America. 21,22,27,28,30,33,35,41,43,44,…”

“…43 Of 20 cohort studies, 11 had a retrospective design 17,18,20,[22][23][24][25]27,28,31,34 8 a prospective design, 19,21,26,30,32,33,35,36 and 1 a cross-sectional design. 29 Seventeen studies used a populationbased, 17,18,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][31][32][33][34][35][36] 2 used a screening-based, 19,30 and 1 used a cancer database 20 as control groups. In most case-control and cohort studies the FH was assessed using questionnaires or registry-based FH data.…”

“…Individuals with at least 1 FDR with CRC ( Figure 2) were 2.22 (95% CI, 2.00-2.48) times more likely to develop CRC according to 41 case-control studies 37-70,72-78 and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.52-1.82) times more likely according to 12 cohort studies. 17,19,20,26,[28][29][30][31][32][34][35][36] Both case-control and cohort studies showed considerable heterogeneity (I 2 ¼ 82% and I 2 ¼ 100%, respectively). When having only 1 FDR, 8 case-control studies reported a pooled RR of 1.92 (95% CI, 1.53-2.41), 43,50,57,65,72,[75][76][77] and among 3 cohort studies the pooled RR was 1.37 (95% CI, 0.76-2.46) ( Figure 2).…”