Bedeutung des Nervus vagus, des Histamins, der Prostaglandine und der Katecholamine f ür die Atemwegsobstruktion

Abstract

In three series of experiments, aerosols of acetylcholine, histamine, and Ascaris were administered in a maximal concentration before and after bilateral vagus transection. Vagotomy induced a clear reduction of the dynamic elastance increase by maintaining a constant breath volume. The persisting reaction of the dynamic elastance after vagotomy depends on the intensity of the reaction before vagus transection. Acetylcholine induced the largest reaction. Changes in epinephrine and norepinephrine were found to be variable, but an increase related to dynamic elastance increase could be assumed. Acetylcholine induced a maximal increase in thromboxane B₂, and Ascaris induced preferentially a maximal increase in the prostaglandin F₂α metabolite 15-Keto-13, 14-dihydro-PGF₂α. Vagotomy showed no influence on changes of thromboxane B₂, prostaglandin F₂α metabolite, or histamine in arterial plasma. The variability in changes of these metabolites may be the cause of the clinical differences in obstructive airway diseases.

The role of vagus nerve on histamine- and acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction (experiments on cats)

“…On the other hand, our results confirm only partially our observations in dog experiments, namely, that in cats vagally mediated bronchoconstriction plays a role in acute experimental-induced bronchoconstriction (Zimmermann et al 1984;Islam and Ulmer 1984). In some dogs, a bronchoconstriction was observed even after vagotomy during long-term exposure to irritants.…”