Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua: Emerging Threat to Onion Production

Soumia, P. S.; Karuppaiah, V.; Mahajan, Vijay; Singh, Major

doi:10.1007/s40009-020-00892-5

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The onion agro-ecosystem has a highly diverse insect pest complex, among which onion thrips, Thrips tabaci is the key pest of onion [ 7 ]. Besides thrips, several defoliators of the order lepidoptera are found at damaging levels in onions causing monetary loss globally [ 1 , 2 ]. These insect pests affect almost every stage of the onion and cause a potential yield loss of 20 to 90% in onion production [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unfolding the mitochondrial genome structure of green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker): An emerging pest of onion (Allium cepa L.)

et al. 2022

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Onion is the most important crop challenged by a diverse group of insect pests in the agricultural ecosystem. The green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker), a widespread tomato and soybean pest, has lately been described as an emergent onion crop pest in India. C. acuta whole mitochondrial genome was sequenced in this work. The circular genome of C. acuta measured 15,743 base pairs (bp) in length. Thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and one control region were found in the 37 sequence elements. With an average 395 bp gene length, the maximum and minimum gene length observed was 1749 bp and 63 bp of nad5 and trnR, respectively. Nine of the thirteen PCGs have (ATN) as a stop codon, while the other four have a single (T) as a stop codon. Except for trnS1, all of the tRNAs were capable of producing a conventional clover leaf structure. Conserved ATAGA motif sequences and poly-T stretch were identified at the start of the control region. Six overlapping areas and 18 intergenic spacer regions were found, with sizes ranged from 1 to 20 bp and 1 to 111 bp correspondingly. Phylogenetically, C. acuta belongs to the Plusiinae subfamily of the Noctuidae superfamily, and is closely linked to Trichoplusia ni species from the same subfamily. In the present study, the emerging onion pest C. acuta has its complete mitochondrial genome sequenced for the first time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onion (Allium cepa L.) of the family Alliaceae has been cultivated for more than 5000 years [1]. Though onion is one of the important vegetables, it is also being used as a spice for flavoring various cuisines globally [2][3][4]. Being a bulbous crop, onion is mainly grown for its bulbs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unfolding the mitochondrial genome structure of green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker): An emerging pest of onion (Allium cepa L.)

et al. 2022

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“…D. antiqua is a problem in cold arid Ladak region of India (Gupta et al, 2019); T. tabaci, D. antiqua, R. robini, eriophyid mite Aceria tulipae Keifer and T. cinnabarinus are pests of national significance; while H. armigera, A. ipsilon, and S. litura are pests of regional significance (Satyagopal et al, 2014). In addition, the beet army worm, S. exigua, the green looper, Chrysodeixis acuta Walker, Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard), L. sativa Blanchard damaging onion green foliage and Lasioderma serricorne (F.) onion seeds are also known (Karuppaiah et al, 2019;Soumia et al, 2020;Verma et al, 2011).…”

Section: Checklistmentioning

confidence: 99%

A checklist of insect pests of onion

Karuppaiah¹,

Chaware

Soumia

et al. 2022

ije

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A checklist of onion insect pests is given herein with 149 species of eleven arthropod orders, viz., Coleoptera, Collembola, Dermaptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera and Lepidoptera and two of Acarina, such as Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes. This comprises 49 families of which 46 are insect and three of Acarina. Insect family, Noctuidae includes maximum genera (16), species (27) followed by the Aphididae (8), Agromyzidae (8), Thripidae (7), Anthomyiidae (6), Syrphidae, (6), Acarididae (6), Pyralidae (5), Scarabaeidae (5), Tetranychidae (4), Muscidae (4), Fanniidae (4), Nitidulidae (3), Onychiuridae (3), Eriophyidae (2), and Simunthridae (1) are others observed. Diversity analysis revealed that foliage feeders are the dominant (69.1%) comprising of sucking pests (aphids and thrips), defoliators (cutworms and leaf eating caterpillars) and leaf miners. Bulb feeders account about 18.8% (flies, beetles, weevils, moths and mites), and root feeders represent 8.7%.

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“…The polyphagous defoliator pest, Spodoptera exigua Hubber (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), presents a formidable threat to a wide range of cultivated plants and stands as a significant menace to shallot crops [1]. Its devastating attacks primarily target shallot plants during their vegetative phase, leading to damage levels that can soar as high as 81.9% [2]. The larval densities of this pest can reach 5-8 larvae per leaf [2], posing a persistent threat throughout both the cropping and non-cropping seasons of shallot cultivation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its devastating attacks primarily target shallot plants during their vegetative phase, leading to damage levels that can soar as high as 81.9% [2]. The larval densities of this pest can reach 5-8 larvae per leaf [2], posing a persistent threat throughout both the cropping and non-cropping seasons of shallot cultivation [3]. In response to such pernicious attacks, farmers often resort to synthetic pesticides as a means of control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Shallot using Nano Husk Ash

Hidayat,

Medina,

Mulyono

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) is a polyphagous defoliator that poses a significant threat to cultivated plants, particularly shallot crops. Its attacks during the vegetative phase cause substantial damage. To control this pest, farmers often resort to synthetic pesticides, leading to negative consequences such as resistance development. To address consequences, internal control measures, like enhancing plant resistance through beneficial nutrients like silica, are crucial. Silica has been known to improve plant resistance against pest attacks. This study aims to investigate the effects of various methods of applying nano-sized rice husk ash fertilizer on the growth and resistance of Biru Lancor cultivar of shallots against S. exigua. Nano-rice husk ash fertilizer with an average particle size of 65,326 nm was produced and applied using three methods: placement, foliar, and seed coating. The results demonstrated that all methods of nano-rice husk ash application increased plant resistance, reducing leaf damage and pest mortality. The foliar application yielded the best results, enhancing plant height and epidermal cell wall thickness. Furthermore, nano-rice husk ash application positively influenced shallot productivity. This study highlights the potential of nano-sized rice husk ash as a sustainable and effective internal control measure against S. exigua, complementing synthetic pesticides for shallot pest management.

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Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua: Emerging Threat to Onion Production

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Unfolding the mitochondrial genome structure of green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker): An emerging pest of onion (Allium cepa L.)

Unfolding the mitochondrial genome structure of green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker): An emerging pest of onion (Allium cepa L.)

A checklist of insect pests of onion

Controlling Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Shallot using Nano Husk Ash

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