Beet necrotic yellow vein virus accumulates inside resting spores and zoosporangia of its vector Polymyxa betae BNYVV infects P. betae

Lubicz, Jeanmarie Verchot; Rush, C. M.; Payton, Mark E.; Colberg, Terry R.

doi:10.1186/1743-422x-4-37

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Whereas the tobamo-and tymo-like viruses infect plants, the rubi-like viruses infect plants, vertebrates, and insects. Recently, evidence was presented that the benyvirus (rubi-like lineage) Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) replicates in its plasmodiophorid vector Polymyxa betae, suggesting that BNYVV may also be considered a virus of plasmodiophorids (39). Our results from phylogenetic analysis support the conclusion that SsRV-L could be classified with the rubi-like viruses; thus, the host range of rubi-like viruses is more diverse than once thought.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

A Novel Mycovirus That Is Related to the Human PathogenHepatitis E Virusand Rubi-Like Viruses

Liu

Fù

Jiāng

et al. 2009

J Virol

110

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Previously, we reported that three double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments, designated L-, M-, and SdsRNAs, were detected in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strain Ep-1PN. Of these, the M-dsRNA segment was derived from the genomic RNA of a potexvirus-like positive-strand RNA virus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitationassociated RNA virus. Here, we present the complete nucleotide sequence of the L-dsRNA, which is 6,043 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of a single open reading frame (nucleotide positions 42 to 5936) that encodes a protein with significant similarity to the replicases of the "alphavirus-like" supergroup of positive-strand RNA viruses. A sequence comparison of the L-dsRNA-encoded putative replicase protein containing conserved methyltransferase, helicase, and RNAdependent RNA polymerase motifs showed that it has significant sequence similarity to the replicase of Hepatitis E virus, a virus infecting humans. Furthermore, we present convincing evidence that the virus-like L-dsRNA could replicate independently with only a slight impact on growth and virulence of its host. Our results suggest that the L-dsRNA from strain Ep-1PN is derived from the genomic RNA of a positive-strand RNA virus, which we named Sclerotinia sclerotiorum RNA virus L (SsRV-L). As far as we know, this is the first report of a positive-strand RNA mycovirus that is related to a human virus. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses of the conserved motifs of the RNA replicase of SsRV-L showed that it clustered with the rubi-like viruses and that it is related to the plant clostero-, beny-and tobamoviruses and to the insect omegatetraviruses. Considering the fact that these related alphavirus-like positive-strand RNA viruses infect a wide variety of organisms, these findings suggest that the ancestral positive-strand RNA viruses might be of ancient origin and/or they might have radiated horizontally among vertebrates, insects, plants, and fungi.Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a destructive soilborne plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range that includes more than 450 species and subspecies among 64 genera of plants (6). As an important and unique plant pathogenic fungus, the sequence of the whole genomic DNA of S. sclerotiorum has been determined (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sutils/genom_table.cgi?organism ϭfungi). Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-associated hypovirulence in S. sclerotiorum was first reported for strain 91 (5) and later reported for strain . In strain Ep-1PN, three dsRNA segments, designated L-, M-, and S-dsRNAs, with estimated sizes of 7.4, 6.4, and 1.0 kbp, respectively, were associated with hypovirulence of S. sclerotiorum (36). Of these three dsRNA segments, only M-dsRNA was consistently detected in association with the hypovirulence phenotype (36). Evidence was recently presented that the M-dsRNA was derived from the genomic RNA of a positive-strand RNA virus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNA virus (SsDRV) (66). Furthermore, sequence analysis of the S-d...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

A Novel Mycovirus That Is Related to the Human PathogenHepatitis E Virusand Rubi-Like Viruses

Liu

Fù

Jiāng

et al. 2009

J Virol

110

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“…Viruses that are able to infect the vectors that transmit them have been identified. Polymyxa betae, for example, the well-known vector of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus was recently shown to be host of the virus as well [49]. If BCV1 RdRp-related sequences or the corresponding virus are present in H. purpureum, their frequency cannot be very high, because while investigating five isolates generously provided by Lutz, Tübingen, neither in those nor in H. mompa isolates were we able to detect PCR products using BCV1 dsRNA1-specific primers, although dsRNA were present in some samples (Lukács, unpublished).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of Beet cryptic virus 1 shows high homology to certain cryptoviruses present in phylogenetically distant hosts

et al. 2010

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“…Being obligate biotrophic root parasites, plasmodiophorids are challenging to handle [76]. Viral transmission studies have been consequently rare and developed only for a limited numbers of virus-plasmodiophorid vector combinations [77] but could help answer long lasting questions such as the role of the protist in disease development and whether it might actually be a host and not only a vector for the transmitted viruses [78].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA silencing machinery contributes to inability of BSBV to establish infection in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence from characterization of agroinfectious clones of Beet soil-borne virus

Mahillon

Decroës

Peduzzi

et al. 2021

Journal of General Virology

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Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV) is a sugar beet pomovirus frequently associated with Beet necrotic yellow veins virus, the causal agent of the rhizomania disease. BSBV has been detected in most of the major beet-growing regions worldwide, yet its impact on this crop remains unclear. With the aim to understand the life cycle of this virus and clarify its putative pathogenicity, agroinfectious clones have been engineered for each segment of its tripartite genome. The biological properties of these clones were then studied on different plant species. Local infection was obtained on agroinfiltrated leaves of Beta macrocarpa. On leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, similar results were obtained, but only when heterologous viral suppressors of RNA silencing were co-expressed or in a transgenic line down regulated for both dicer-like protein 2 and 4. On sugar beet, local infection following agroinoculation was obtained on cotyledons, but not on other tested plant parts. Nevertheless, leaf symptoms were observed on this host via sap inoculation. Likewise, roots were efficiently mechanically infected, highlighting low frequency of root necrosis and constriction, and enabling the demonstration of transmission by the vector Polymyxa betae. Altogether, the entire viral cycle was reproduced, validating the constructed agroclones as efficient inoculation tools, paving the way for further studies on BSBV and its related pathosystem.

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Beet necrotic yellow vein virus accumulates inside resting spores and zoosporangia of its vector Polymyxa betae BNYVV infects P. betae

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

A Novel Mycovirus That Is Related to the Human PathogenHepatitis E Virusand Rubi-Like Viruses

A Novel Mycovirus That Is Related to the Human PathogenHepatitis E Virusand Rubi-Like Viruses

The genome of Beet cryptic virus 1 shows high homology to certain cryptoviruses present in phylogenetically distant hosts

RNA silencing machinery contributes to inability of BSBV to establish infection in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence from characterization of agroinfectious clones of Beet soil-borne virus

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