Beet on Alps: Time-course changes of plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations during acclimatization to high-altitude

Rasica, Letizia; Porcelli, Simone; Limper, Ulrich; Mrakic‐Sposta, Simona; Mazzolari, Raffaele; Gelmini, Fabrizio; Beretta, Giangiacomo; Marzorati, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2020.12.004

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Here, we combined a high-throughput analytical platform for the targeted metabolomic profiling of oxylipins to the measurement of ROS and antioxidants for a comprehensive characterization of high-altitude induced redox homeostasis disruption and inflammatory response. In line with the literature [ 7 , 8 , 10 , 46 ], we found that high altitude increases the production of ROS and decreases the antioxidant capacity, thus modifying the weighing pan, as suggested by the increase in ROS, NOx, oxidative damage biomarkers (i.e., 15-F 2t -IsoP), and unbalanced redox status (i.e., total Cys and CysGly). We also observed a pronounced immune-inflammatory response at the post-trek sampling point, with a marked increase in urinary neopterin (a well-known marker of cellular immune system activation), the simultaneous upregulation of pro-inflammatory prostanoid levels (e.g., TXB 2 , PGE 2 , and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ 2 ) and downregulation of omega-3 PUFAs and anti-inflammatory DiHETEs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

OxInflammation at High Altitudes: A Proof of Concept from the Himalayas

et al. 2022

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High-altitude locations are fascinating for investigating biological and physiological responses in humans. In this work, we studied the high-altitude response in the plasma and urine of six healthy adult trekkers, who participated in a trek in Nepal that covered 300 km in 19 days along a route in the Kanchenjunga Mountain and up to a maximum altitude of 5140 m. Post-trek results showed an unbalance in redox status, with an upregulation of ROS (+19%), NOx (+28%), neopterin (+50%), and pro-inflammatory prostanoids, such as PGE2 (+120%) and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 (+233%). The isoprostane 15-F2t-IsoP was associated with low levels of TAC (−18%), amino-thiols, omega-3 PUFAs, and anti-inflammatory CYP450 EPA-derived mediators, such as DiHETEs. The deterioration of antioxidant systems paves the way to the overload of redox and inflammative markers, as triggered by the combined physical and hypoxic stressors. Our data underline the link between oxidative stress and inflammation, which is related to the concept of OxInflammation into the altitude hypoxia fashion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

OxInflammation at High Altitudes: A Proof of Concept from the Himalayas

et al. 2022

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“…In response to tissue hypoxia, local vasodilation is a fundamental physiologic response that ensures oxygen delivery to respiring tissues under metabolic stress [ 60 ]. Hemoglobin acting as the hypoxic sensor that couples decreasing oxygen tension to increased blood flow contributes to vasodilation in response to hypoxia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia on Oxidative Stress: Overwintering in Antarctic Concordia Station

Mrakic‐Sposta

Montorsi

Porcelli

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Concordia Station is the permanent, research station on the Antarctic Plateau at 3230 m. During the eleventh winter-over campaign (DC11-2015; February 2015 to November 2015) at Antarctic Concordia Station, 13 healthy team members were studied and blood samples were collected at six different time points: baseline measurements (T0), performed at sea level before the departure, and during the campaign at 3, 7, 20, 90, and 300 days after arrival at Concordia Station. Reducing the partial pressure of O2 as barometric pressure falls, hypobaric hypoxia (HH) triggers several physiological adaptations. Among the others, increased oxidative stress and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), resulting in severe oxidative damage, were observed, which can share potential physiopathological mechanisms associated with many diseases. This study characterized the extent and time-course changes after acute and chronic HH exposure, elucidating possible fundamental mechanisms of adaptation. ROS, oxidative stress biomarkers, nitric oxide, and proinflammatory cytokines significantly increased (range 24-135%) during acute and chronic hypoxia exposure (peak 20th day) with a decrease in antioxidant capacity (peak 90th day: -52%). Results suggest that the adaptive response of oxidative stress balance to HH requires a relatively long time, more than 300th days, as all the observed variables do not return to the preexposition level. These findings may also be relevant to patients in whom oxygen availability is limited through disease (i.e., chronic heart and lung and/or kidney disease) and/or during long-duration space missions.

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“…A growing body of evidence indicates that hypoxia decreases both the activity and effectiveness of the antioxidant system, as well as causing increased ROS production with a consequent increase in oxidative damage [ 3 ] to lipids [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], proteins and the DNA [ 5 , 7 ] of cellular compartments [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Most studies on the effects of hypoxia have been carried out at high altitude [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. However, under such conditions, several factors other than hypoxia could induce oxidative damage; UV radiation, intense physical activity and cold may in fact produce an imbalance between ROS generation and antioxidant protection [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temporal relationship between ROS and oxidative stress biomarkers production was assessed in parallel. The present study is a continuation of the research project started in 2012 [ 31 ] that was continued with a field study in the Alps [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “ON-OFF” Switching Response of Reactive Oxygen Species in Acute Normobaric Hypoxia: Preliminary Outcome

Mrakic‐Sposta

Gussoni

Marzorati

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia (NH) elicits reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, whose production kinetics and oxidative damage were here investigated. Nine subjects were monitored while breathing an NH mixture (0.125 FIO2 in air, about 4100 m) and during recovery with room air. ROS production was assessed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance in capillary blood. Total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation (TBARS and 8-iso-PFG2α), protein oxidation (PC) and DNA oxidation (8-OH-dG) were measured in plasma and/or urine. The ROS production rate (μmol·min−1) was monitored (5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 300 min). A production peak (+50%) was reached at 4 h. The on-transient kinetics, exponentially fitted (t1/2 = 30 min r2 = 0.995), were ascribable to the low O2 tension transition and the mirror-like related SpO2 decrease: 15 min: −12%; 60 min: −18%. The exposure did not seem to affect the prooxidant/antioxidant balance. Significant increases in PC (+88%) and 8-OH-dG (+67%) at 4 h in TBARS (+33%) one hour after hypoxia offset were also observed. General malaise was described by most of the subjects. Under acute NH, ROS production and oxidative damage resulted in time and SpO2-dependent reversible phenomena. The experimental model could be suitable for evaluating the acclimatation level, a key element in the context of mountain rescues in relation to technical/medical workers who have not had enough time for acclimatization—as, for example, during helicopter flights.

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Beet on Alps: Time-course changes of plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations during acclimatization to high-altitude

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

OxInflammation at High Altitudes: A Proof of Concept from the Himalayas

OxInflammation at High Altitudes: A Proof of Concept from the Himalayas

Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia on Oxidative Stress: Overwintering in Antarctic Concordia Station

The “ON-OFF” Switching Response of Reactive Oxygen Species in Acute Normobaric Hypoxia: Preliminary Outcome

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