BEHAVE-AD: A Clinical Rating Scale for the Assessment of Pharmacologically Remediable Behavioral Symptomatology in Alzheimer’s Disease

Reisberg, Barry; Borenstein, Jeffrey; Franssen, Emile; Salob, Stacy; Steinberg, Gertrude; Shulman, Emma; Ferris, Steven H.; Γεωργοτασ, Αναστασιοσ

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6414-0_1

Cited by 51 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The 1-month prevalence of delusions found in our study is comparable with this average. Our results confirm previous findings that the delusion of theft is the most frequent delusional symptom in Alzheimer patients (Reisberg et al, 1987). According to the literature, hallucinations are observed in 1% (Cummings et al, 1987) to 49% (Rabins et al, 1982) or Alzheimer patients, with an average of 20%, which is in line with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

“…The scale shows high reliability and validity (Reisberg et al, 1987). Each items is scaled from 0 ( = not present) to 3 ( = most severe).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaluation of delusional symptoms and hallucinations was carried out with the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD; Reisberg et al, 1987), a scale specifically designed to assess the presence and to measure the severity of these symptoms in Alzheimer patients. The scale shows high reliability and validity (Reisberg et al, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Delusions and Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease: Results From a Two-Year Longitudinal Study

Haupt

Romero²,

Kurz³

1996

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

“…The scale shows high reliability and validity (Reisberg et al, 1987). Each items is scaled from 0 ( = not present) to 3 ( = most severe).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Delusions and Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease: Results From a Two-Year Longitudinal Study

Haupt

Romero²,

Kurz³

1996

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…18], a scale specifically designed to assess the presence and rate the severity of these symptoms in AD patients. The BEHAVE-AD has demonstrated a good sensitivity to change of rated symptoms and has a high reliability and validity [19].…”

Section: Patients and Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2-Year Follow-Up of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease

Haupt

Kurz²,

Jänner

2000

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

129

119

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Background: The aim was to examine the longitudinal occurrence and persistence of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Following 60 patients with mild to severe AD over a period of 2 years with annual evaluations, the prospective occurrence and persistence of BPSD in AD were determined by using the Behavioural Abnormalities in AD Rating scale (BEHAVE-AD). Clinical and demographic features of the AD patients were analysed for their association with course features of these symptoms. Results: All of the 60 AD patients experienced BPSD at some point during the 2-year period, particularly agitation was present in every patient within this period. 2-year persistence of BPSD in AD was frequently observed in patients with agitation and with depressiveness, with less frequency in patients with anxiety and aggressiveness, but not in patients with delusions or hallucinations. 2-year persistent aggressiveness was associated with older age and more functional impairment. More functional impairment was also related to 2-year non-persistent hallucinations. Conclusions: Counselling AD patients and their families and tailoring therapeutic strategies should take into account the different modi of BPSD in AD occurring and persisting longitudinally and interacting with functional disturbances.

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“…There are newer developments in tests, including: 1) the Pleasant Events Schedule-AD [PES-AD] (Teri & Logsdon, 1991), 2) the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease rating scale [BEHAVE-AD] Reisberg, Franssen, & Sclan, 1987); 3) the Behavior Rating Scale for Dementia [BRSD] (Tariot, 1996); 4) the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (Alexopoulos, Abrams, Young, & Shamoian, 1988); and the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist [MBPC-Revised] (Teri et al, 1992). These tests will enable psychiatric nurses to better evaluate noncognitive symptoms in AD and monitor the impact of interventions in this population.…”

Section: Assessment Of Behavioral Symptoms In Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Basis of Behavioral Symptoms in Dementia

Garand

Buckwalter

Hall

2000

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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This article describes the pathophysiology of dementia and differentiates between cognitive and noncognitive symptoms that characterize this devastating illness. Relationships between brain anatomic and neurochemical systems and behavioral symptoms of dementia are discussed. An overview of the etiologies and neuropathologiesof dementia are presented as they relate to impairments in memory and intellectual abilities, personality changes, and behavioral symptoms. Recent genetic and molecular discoveries that have advanced our understanding of this complex spectrum of disorders and their treatment(s) are also highlighted.More than 70 diseases/disorders are associated with the progressive loss of memory and intellectual function known as dementia, although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is by far the most common cause. Current estimates suggest that more than four million Americans suffer from AD (Advisory Panel on Alzheimer's Disease, 1995). Although the diagnosis of dementia focuses on the clinical presentation of cognitive deficits, complex disturbances of behavior and emotion have been recognized as part of the disorder since Alois Alzheimer's original case report in 1907 describing the cerebral cortex and abnormal behaviors of a 55-yearold woman (Alzheimer, 1987). In contrast to the cognitive symptoms, which usually follow a welldescribed course of progressive decline, the occurrence and course of the noncognitive symptoms in dementia are less predictable (Tariot, 1994), developing at any stage during the disease process (Eisdorfer et al., 1992).There is a discrepancy between the labeling of symptoms by health care professionals and complaints by family members about their loved one's behavior. For example, dementia is generally defined by clinicians as progressive deterioration of cognitive abilities, however families of dementia patients often define the stages of illness with behavioral (noncognitive) markers. In fact, behavioral complications are a leading cause of institutionalization in persons with dementia (Knopman, Kitto, Deinard, & Heiring, 1988;Steele, Rovner, Chase, & Folstein, 1990).Disease progression is not measured simply by declining scores on the Mini-Mental State Exam or other clinical rating scales, but rather includes such symptoms as the amount of sleeplessness at night, the person's degree of agitation or psychosis, and the level of depressed mood. A key unanswered scientific question is how central these noncognitive behavioral symptoms are to

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BEHAVE-AD: A Clinical Rating Scale for the Assessment of Pharmacologically Remediable Behavioral Symptomatology in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 51 publications

References 9 publications

Delusions and Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease: Results From a Two-Year Longitudinal Study

Delusions and Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease: Results From a Two-Year Longitudinal Study

A 2-Year Follow-Up of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease

The Biological Basis of Behavioral Symptoms in Dementia

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