Behavior and Fate of Surfactants in Soil

Kuhnt, Gerald

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1993)12[1813:bafosi]2.0.co;2

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After irrigation with graywater, surfactants may accumulate in soil. Whereas some studies have shown potential negative effects as a result of surfactants accumulation in soil, there is still little data available on the effects of surfactants on soil physical and chemical quality (Abu-Zreig, 2003;Kuhnt, 1993;Wiel-Shafran et al, 2006). Some recent studies on graywater reuse for irrigation have shown accumulation of surfactants ranging from 0.02 to 0.7 mg/kg (Negahban-Azar et al, 2012, Travis et al, 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some recent studies on graywater reuse for irrigation have shown accumulation of surfactants ranging from 0.02 to 0.7 mg/kg (Negahban-Azar et al, 2012, Travis et al, 2010. The effect of surfactants on soil-water conditions is highly dependent on soil composition and surfactants characteristics (Kuhnt, 1993). It has been reported that percolation and infiltration rate of the soil may be altered in the presence of surfactants (Kuhnt, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of surfactants on soil-water conditions is highly dependent on soil composition and surfactants characteristics (Kuhnt, 1993). It has been reported that percolation and infiltration rate of the soil may be altered in the presence of surfactants (Kuhnt, 1993). In addition, permeability and capillarity dispersion of water can be altered by surfactants (Tschapek and Boggio, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, permeability and capillarity dispersion of water can be altered by surfactants (Tschapek and Boggio, 1981). Surfactants can also affect soil chemistry by altering the redox potentials, increasing/decreasing the pH, and changing the sorption characteristics of the soil (Kuhnt, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Potential Changes in Chemical Soil Quality Resulting from Graywater Recycling for Landscape Irrigation

Negahban-Azar

Sharvelle

2018

Water Environment Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of graywater irrigation on soil chemical properties, and the accumulation of surfactants and antimicrobials, were investigated at three households in Arizona, California, and Colorado over the duration of two to three years. No negative effects were observed, with respect to sodium and boron accumulation in soil, over the duration of this study. Graywater irrigation significantly increased organic matter and total inorganic nitrogen of the receiving soil (P < 0.05). Graywater loading rates and fertilizer application should be monitored to ensure that excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus are not applied to the soil. Notable concentrations of antimicrobials were detected in surface soil samples. It is suggested that the effect of antimicrobials on soil microbial health, and the potential for formation of antibiotic-resistant genes, be further investigated. Surfactant concentration in soil samples substantially increased after graywater application, compared with baseline samples, and then remained fairly constant over time.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Potential Changes in Chemical Soil Quality Resulting from Graywater Recycling for Landscape Irrigation

Negahban-Azar

Sharvelle

2018

Water Environment Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The reader is directed to a number of other tant and the retention behavior of pure water in the same porous medium. An approach that is commonly papers that provide general information about surfactants and surfactant use in subsurface remediation (e.g., used to describe the effect of a surfactant on therelationship in air-water systems is based on scaling the West and Harwell, 1992;Kuhnt, 1993;Edwards et al, 1994;Sabatini et al, 1996Sabatini et al, ,1998Mulligan et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant-Induced Flow Phenomena in the Vadose Zone: A Review of Data and Numerical Modeling

Henry

Smith

2003

Vadose Zone Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

subsurface remediation, studies to improve our understanding of the effect of surfactants on unsaturated flow Surfactants may occur naturally in the subsurface or may be introand transport are merited. duced anthropogenically. Because of their ability to reduce surfaceThe primary impact of surfactants on unsaturated tension and modify the solid-liquid contact angle, surfactants affect capillarity in unsaturated porous media. We review the current state flow in soils is through the dependence of surface tenof knowledge regarding surfactant effects on unsaturated flow and sion of the air-water interface on surfactant concentratransport in water-wetted porous media. Surfactant effects on moistion. Because capillary pressure is a function of surface ture retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity are reviewed, tension, surfactant-induced reductions in surface tenas well as experimental evidence of surfactant effects on unsaturated sion can cause proportional decreases in capillary presflow. Surfactants can cause significant flow perturbations that do not sure. The surfactant-induced changes in capillary presoccur in constant surface tension systems. Noteworthy effects include sure result in a scaling of the moisture content-pressure surfactant-induced unsaturated flow that arises from surfactant conhead relationship along the pressure axis (e.g., Salehzacentration-dependent surface tension gradients, as well as capillary deh and Demond, 1994;Gillham, 1994, 1999; fringe depression proportional to the surfactant-induced relative re- Lord et al., 1997Lord et al., , 2000Dury et al., 1998). Furthermore, duction in surface tension. Most of the available data is from laboratory experiments; consequently, questions still remain about the rela-differences in capillary pressure can exist between surtive importance of surfactant-induced effects on field-scale flow and factant-free and surfactant-contaminated zones that transport processes. Numerical models that account for surfactant efgenerate associated hydraulic gradients in unsaturated fects on flow provide useful tools for assessing the importance of these porous media. The magnitude of the surfactant-induced effects and should prove useful for designing surfactant-based remecapillary pressure gradient will depend on the surfacedial schemes. We review simulations of unsaturated flow and transport active properties of the surfactant, including surfactant in systems containing surfactants, as well as models that may be useful type, surfactant concentration, and solution chemistry. for conducting such simulations. Comparisons of simulated and experi-The induced hydraulic gradients can cause significant mental data indicate that hysteresis and dispersivity effects on simuunsaturated flow. lation results can be important considerations. Future research A considerable body of work exists related to the use directions should include the collection of additional field and laboratory-scale data and expanded modeling efforts.of surfactants in the petroleum industry for enha...

show abstract

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Thomsen¹,

Carlsen²,

Hvidt³

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aqueous solutions of DEP (di-ethyl), DnBP (di-n-butyl), DnH(6)P (di-n-hexyl), and DEHP (di-[2-ethyl-hexyl]) phthalates have been investigated by use of surface tension measurements at temperatures between 10 and 35 degrees C. A tensiometric approach allows for the determination of unimeric solubilities and delta G degree, which is the standard Gibbs free energy change, for the dissolution of phthalates in water. The unimeric solubility of the phthalates increase with decreasing temperature. The delta G degree shows a linear increase with increasing phthalate alkyl chain length. The contribution of enthalpy (delta H degree) and entropy (delta S degree) to delta G degree were calculated from the temperature-dependent solubilities. The contributions of both delta H degree and delta S degree are negative and increase in magnitude with increasing alkyl chain length, suggesting hydrophobic interactions between phthalates and water. The ability of different phthalates to lower the surface tension decreases with increasing alkyl chain length, whereas the relative affinity for adsorption in the air-water interface increases drastically for long-chain phthalates. Despite the low surface activity of phthalates compared with that of common surfactants, they show significant affinity for adsorption in air-water interfaces of natural surface waters. This property, combined with their low solubilities, may affect the fate of these compounds within the natural environment, because they form emulsions above unimeric saturation in aqueous media.

show abstract

Behavior and Fate of Surfactants in Soil

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Potential Changes in Chemical Soil Quality Resulting from Graywater Recycling for Landscape Irrigation

Potential Changes in Chemical Soil Quality Resulting from Graywater Recycling for Landscape Irrigation

Surfactant-Induced Flow Phenomena in the Vadose Zone: A Review of Data and Numerical Modeling

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About