Behavior and growth of juvenile brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) following upstream and downstream displacement

Höjesjö, Johan; Johnsson, Jörgen I.; Bohlin, Torgny

doi:10.1080/02705060.2014.971448

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, there are known successful spawning sites at both sites thus we know individuals are being produced in both areas and the distance between the sites are relatively long with multiple natural and man‐made obstacles making the displacement theory less likely. In support, juvenile anadromous brown trout have limited dispersal within a stream (Höjesjö et al., 2015 ; Palm et al., 2023 ; Vøllestad et al., 2012 ) and generally stay in the area in which they are born prior to migration (Quinn et al., 2012 ). Thus, where a juvenile is found could be considered approximate to the distance migrated upstream by its parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local variation in stress response of juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta

Berry,

Zena,

Roques

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Habitat fragmentation may cut off anadromous salmonids from parts of their potential native habitat and separate previously connected populations. Understanding the consequences of this is vital for fish management and prioritization of restoration activities. Here, we show that there is a significant difference in the body morphology, physiological stress response, and aspects contributing to aerobic capacity between juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta, collected at a downstream site and an upstream site, separated by 2 km and several challenging stream sections, in a small unfragmented stream system in western Sweden. Following a standardized stress test, there were significant differences between fish from the upstream and downstream sites (plasma cortisol concentration, plasma osmolality, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration). Plasma glucose concentration did not significantly differ between fish from the two sites. Fish from the upstream site had larger spleen mass, although there was no evidence of differences in ventricle mass or proportion of compact ventricular myocardium. These physiological differences indicate local variation in stress response and highlight the importance of considering local trait variation in river management. If a section of the river becomes fragmented or degraded, and there are differences in the juveniles in different parts of the river, the consequence for the population might be larger than the proportional loss of habitat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local variation in stress response of juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta

Berry,

Zena,

Roques

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Consequently, it is hypothesized that translocated brown trout were more motivated to pass the impediment because they were performing a homing movement (Armstrong & Herbert, 1997; Harcup & Williams, 1984). In contrast, the majority of non‐translocated fish will not pass due to lack of motivation; instead they remained in their existing home range with non‐passage approaches to the impediment likely attributed to exploratory movements after release (Höjesjö et al, 2015) rather than an attempt to pass. With all key life‐stage habitats present downstream of the weir (e.g., refuge, feeding, and spawning habitat), over time the fish population may have increased in residency, similar to those in other studies (Branco et al, 2017; Bravo‐Córdoba et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can't pass or won't pass: the importance of motivation when quantifying improved connectivity for riverine brown trout Salmo trutta

Dodd,

Cowx,

Joyce

et al. 2023

Journal of Fish Biology

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Reversing the negative impacts that anthropogenic habitat fragmentation has on animal movement is a key goal in the management of landscapes and conservation of species globally. Accurate assessment of measures to remediate habitat fragmentation, such as fish passage solutions in rivers, are imperative but are particularly challenging for territorial species, which are less likely to leave their existing home range, or populations composed of both migratory and resident individuals (i.e., partial migration). This investigation quantified the movements of translocated (captured upstream of the impediment and released downstream) and non‐translocated (captured and released downstream of the impediment) riverine brown trout (Salmo trutta L.), a species known to perform a homing movement, through a fish pass using passive integrated transponder (PIT) telemetry. A significantly higher proportion of translocated fish approached, entered, and passed (on a wider range of flows) compared to non‐translocated fish, consistent with the theory that motivation is a key driver in fish pass use. Translocated fish that entered the pass were significantly larger than those that approached but did not enter, presumably due to physiological capability. Translocated fish were a more reliable indicator of the fish passage solution effectiveness than non‐translocated fish. Our findings hence imply that many fish passage solutions globally, and potentially measures to remediate habitat fragmentation for other taxa, may have been mistakenly assessed for unmotivated animals. Studying both non‐translocated and translocated fish is recommended to provide more accurate and cost‐effective fish passage solution assessments.

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“…This is probably because the potential to acquire food and grow varies little spatially in a system where productivity remains high year‐round. In such an environment, patch switching may be detrimental to fitness as it increases risk of predation (Höjesjö, Johnsson, & Bohlin, ). The maximum home range in this study (470 m) was similar to those reported elsewhere for brown trout, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of seasonal macrophyte cover for the behaviour and performance of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a groundwater‐fed river

Vowles

Kemp

2019

Freshwater Biology

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Groundwater‐fed rivers, such as the chalk streams of southern England, exhibit high levels of stability (e.g. flow and temperature) and physical homogeneity (e.g. depth and substrate grain size). However, growth of instream macrophytes is highly variable depending on season, providing an important but ever‐changing source of cover for stream‐dwelling salmonids, such as brown trout (Salmo trutta). In this study, the behavioural ecology of brown trout inhabiting a chalk stream was assessed during periods that included summer and winter. In a reach of the River Lambourn (Berkshire, UK), a combination of physical habitat mapping, electric‐fishing, passive integrated transponder and radio telemetry was used to quantify trout: (1) density relative to physical and thermal characteristics; (2) movement patterns; and (3) performance, in terms of growth. Trout density was positively related to depth during winter (February) and spring (May), but not at the end of summer (September). Despite no statistical relation between trout density and macrophytes, periods of strong and no association between density and depth coincided with sparse and extensive macrophyte cover throughout the study reach, respectively. Despite being greater for some fish in winter compared to summer, the daily distance moved was generally low (<3.5 m/day). While growth was mostly positive, less mass was gained, and performance deviated farther from optimal levels predicted by a growth model, during periods that included winter. A number of factors probably contributed to lower growth in winter, including costs of reproduction, temperatures—which deviated farther from those optimal for growth—and/or an inability to maximise energy intake, e.g. due to time spent holding position in deeper areas as cover provided by macrophytes declined. Despite the lack of extremes in chalk stream environments, the behavioural ecology of brown trout appears to be influenced by seasonal variation in instream cover provided by macrophytes. This emphasises the importance of balancing the management (e.g. cutting and removal) of macrophytes with the ecological benefits they provide.

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Behavior and growth of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) following upstream and downstream displacement

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Local variation in stress response of juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta

Local variation in stress response of juvenile anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta

Can't pass or won't pass: the importance of motivation when quantifying improved connectivity for riverine brown trout Salmo trutta

The importance of seasonal macrophyte cover for the behaviour and performance of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a groundwater‐fed river

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