Behavior, energetics and management of refuging waterfowl: a simulation model

Abstract

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Long‐term changes in agricultural practices and wildfowling in an internationally important wetland, and their effects on the guild of wintering ducks

“…Wildfowling is known to have had a powerful effect on the numbers and distribution of waterbirds in northern Europe through its effects on habitat use as well as on survival (Ebbinge 1991; Madsen 1995). The number of kills is obviously important, and under certain conditions disturbance of feeding birds associated with hunting activity has as strong an effect on their use of a site (Frederick, Clark & Klaas 1987; Madsen 1995; Fox & Madsen 1997). Hunting therefore has a powerful effect on the quality of duck habitat.…”

A generalizable energetics-based model of avian migration to facilitate continental-scale waterbird conservation

“…Extensions of this work were developed by Cowardin and Johnson (1979) and Brown et al (2001). A stochastic simulation model to evaluate alternative management schemes on refuging waterfowl populations was developed by Frederick et al (1987), whereas Klaassen et al (2008) used stochastic dynamic programming of spring migrating geese (Anser sp.) to evaluate a range of management scenarios with respect food supplementation.…”

A generalizable energetics‐based model of avian migration to facilitate continental‐scale waterbird conservation

“…A stochastic simulation model to evaluate alternative management schemes on refuging waterfowl populations was developed by Frederick et al. (), whereas Klaassen et al. () used stochastic dynamic programming of spring migrating geese ( Anser sp.)…”