Behavior of carbon readsorbed on tungsten during low energy Ar ion irradiation at elevated temperatures

The effect of carbon impurities on molybdenum surface morphology evolution under high-flux low-energy helium ion irradiation

“…This often results in a massive reconstruction which may requires surface diffusion over distances of several atomic bonds [39]. The dynamic state of the surface supported by adsorption of reactive species, under ion irradiation at such elevated temperature, may create imperfect surface structure and modify the composition significantly [40]. Additionally, the surface restructuring can be significantly enhanced by increasing the adsorbed C atoms coverage [41].…”

“…Such restructured surface will be stabilized when the surface will be covered by continuous layer of adsorbate. The excessive surface chemical potential as compared to that of the grain boundaries produces a net adatoms flow into the grain boundaries, leading to the generation of compressive stresses in the grains [40]. The adsorbed mobile C adatoms, interacting at the grain boundaries of fuzzy Mo surface, may be driven into the bulk Mo through the interface by the difference of chemical potentials between activated Mo surface and its grain boundaries [40].…”

“…The excessive surface chemical potential as compared to that of the grain boundaries produces a net adatoms flow into the grain boundaries, leading to the generation of compressive stresses in the grains [40]. The adsorbed mobile C adatoms, interacting at the grain boundaries of fuzzy Mo surface, may be driven into the bulk Mo through the interface by the difference of chemical potentials between activated Mo surface and its grain boundaries [40]. At such high temperature (923 K), the mobility of C adatoms at the Mo surface increases and transported into the bulk Mo as well, driven by chemical potential gradient.…”

Investigation of the Processes of Retention and Release of Implanted Deuterium and Helium Ions for Tungsten and Tantalum Coatings

“…Figure 1. Schematic presentation of the dominant processes under irradiation by ions of different energies [1].…”