“…These observations indicate that the presence of the inner void does not compromise the performance of DSTCs; on the contrary, it has a beneficial influence on the axial deformation capacity of the composite system. Yu et al [44] In this section, the results of the present study and those available from the literature (i.e., Wong et al [27], Xie et al [41], Ozbakkaloglu and Louk Fanggi [37], Albitar [42], and Ding et al [43]) are compared with the predictions of the model by Yu et al [44], which is the only existing stress-strain model of DSTCs. Because the database contained specimens with ultimate strains established using two different measurement methods (i.e., fullheight LVDTs and mid-height LVTDs), the ultimate axial strains of the specimens in the database was scaled based on the relative …”