Behavior of three-dimensional woven carbon composites in single-bolt bearing

Warren, Kyle; Lopez-Anido, Roberto; Goering, J.

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.03.022

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Summary of the bearing mechanical properties of the ORT, AI and LTL architectures is detailed in Table 6. Similar to (Warren et al 2015b), all architectures failed, non-catastrophically, in a bearing failure mode. However, X-ray CT scans revealed the effect of the zbinder path on the damage mechanisms and delamination propagation.…”

Section: Bearing Strengthmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This is considered the only study that focuses on thick 3D woven composites as opposed to relatively thinner ones reported by (Warren et al 2015b;Saleh et al 2016a). Two tests were conducted namely as the pin-bearing test on half-hole and the double-lap pin-bearing test.…”

Section: Bearing Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Warren et al (Warren et al 2015b) investigated the bearing response of ORT and LTL 3D woven architectures. Extensive investigation of the single-lap response of these two architectures was carried out with the objective of exploring the dependency of the response on the loading orientation.…”

Section: Bearing Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advancements in mechanical characterisation of 3D woven composites

Saleh

Soutis

2017

Mech Adv Mater Mod Process

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Three dimensional (3D) woven composites have attracted the interest of academia and industry thanks to their damage tolerance characteristics and automated fabric manufacturing. Although much research has been conducted to investigate their out-of-plane "through thickness" properties, still their in-plane properties are not fully understood and rely on extensive experimentation. To date, the literature lacks an inclusive summary of the mechanical characterisation for 3D woven composites. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the available research studies on 3D woven composites mechanical characterisation, with less emphasis on the outof-plane response, but an in-depth review of the in-plane response "un-notched vs. notched". The paper highlights the knowledge gap in the literature of 3D woven composites, suggesting opportunities for future research in this field and a room for improvement in utilising Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT), such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC), Acoustic Emission (AE) and X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), for observing damage initiation and evolution in 3D woven composites that could be used to calibrate and evaluate analytical and numerical models.

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Section: Bearing Strengthmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Bearing Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advancements in mechanical characterisation of 3D woven composites

Saleh

Soutis

2017

Mech Adv Mater Mod Process

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“…In spite of many studies investigating the bearing response of 2D laminated composites [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], the literature discussing the bearing response for 3D woven composites is quite sparse. Only one recent study by Warren et al [22] investigated the bearing response of two 3D woven architectures namely as layer-to-layer and orthogonal. The study extensively investigated the single-lap bearing response of these architectures and its dependency on the loading orientation using seven different orientations between warp (0 o ) and weft (90 o ) directions.…”

Section: -Notch Insensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Potential of Using Off-Axis 3D Woven Composites in Composite Joints’ Applications

et al. 2016

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The effect of circular notch has been evaluated for three different architectures of three-dimensional (3D) carbon fibre woven composites (orthogonal, ORT; layer-to-layer, LTL; angle interlock, AI) through open-hole quasi-static tension and double-lap bearing strength tests in the off-axis (45°) direction. Damage characterisation is monitored using Digital Image correlation (DIC) for open-hole testing and X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) for double-lap bearing strength test. The off-axis notched 3D woven composites exhibits minor reduction (less than 10 %) of the notched strength compared to the un-notched strength. DIC strain contour clearly show stress/strain localisation regions around the hole periphery and stress/ strain redistribution away from the whole due to the z-binder existence, especially for ORT architecture. Up to 50 % bearing strain, no significant difference in the bearing stress/bearing strain response is observed. However when ORT architecture was loaded up to failure, it demonstrates higher strain to failure (~140 %) followed by AI (~105 %) and lastly LTL (~85 %). X-ray CT scans reveal the effect of the z-binder architecture on damage evolution and delamination resistance. The study suggests that off-axis loaded 3D woven composites, especially ORT architecture, has a great potential of overcoming the current challenges facing composite laminates when used in composite joints' applications.

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“…Compared with the laminated composites, woven carbon composites are also widely used. Warren et al 22 presented their study of bolted joint in 3D woven carbon composites and experimental results. Cheng et al 23 proposed their novel designed π -joint for composite bolted joining.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of countersunk hole’s geometrical deviation on the strength of bolted carbon fiber–reinforced plastic/polymer metal joints under tensile loading

Lundbäck¹,

Chen

Wang

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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Countersinking process introduces variations in the angle and depth of the countersunk hole due to the wearing down of the drilling bit and the specific properties of carbon fiber–reinforced plastic/polymer part. The ultimate tensile strength of the countersunk bolted composites is affected by the countersinking depth and angle. The article presents a numerical and experimental investigation on the effect of countersinking depth and angle on the tensile strength of the single-bolted countersunk joint. Numerical bolted models with designed depths and angles are constructed to predict the tensile strength. Nine experimental specimens are fabricated according to the ASTM-D5961 standard, and the experimental results validate the proposed numerical models. Analysis of variance is used to investigate the synergistic effect of the countersinking depth and angle on the ultimate tensile loading. The analysis of variance result shows that the countersinking depth should be strictly controlled. The relationship between the tensile strength and the depth of the countersunk hole is obtained by the validated numerical models, and the relationship could be used to allocate the tolerance of the countersunk holes. The reported work provides reference for precision countersinking in the composite bolted joint and help systematically in improving the precision strength prediction of the countersunk bolted joint in composites.

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Behavior of three-dimensional woven carbon composites in single-bolt bearing

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Recent advancements in mechanical characterisation of 3D woven composites

Recent advancements in mechanical characterisation of 3D woven composites

Investigating the Potential of Using Off-Axis 3D Woven Composites in Composite Joints’ Applications

Effects of countersunk hole’s geometrical deviation on the strength of bolted carbon fiber–reinforced plastic/polymer metal joints under tensile loading

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