Behavior of Ti in Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Nb and Ta

Nishimura, Sanji; Moriyama, Joichiro; Kushima, Isao

doi:10.2320/jinstmet1952.25.1_27

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The same apparatus as in a previous report (1) was used in the extraction experiments of Ta-HF-TBP and Nb-HF-TBP systems and in the experiments determining the molecule number of TBP combined with Ta species in HF solution.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Extraction of Tantalum in the Tantalum-Hydrofluoric Acid-Tributyl Phosphate System

1964

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The mechanism of extraction of Ta by TBP in the Ta-hydrofluoric acid-TBP (tributyl phosphate) system is investigated in this report. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (1) Ta present at a low concentration of HF seemed to be essentially HTaF6 at a high concentration of HF, H2ZTaF7, and at a much higher concentration of HF, H3TaF8 seemed dominant. (2) One molecule of Ta compounds at various concentrations of HF combined with three molecules of TBP organic solvent, and was extracted by TBP in the form of a Ta compound-3 TBP complex. (3) when the polymerization of Ta in the aqueous phase was higher than that in the organic phase, the distribution coefficient of Ta and the percentage extraction of Ta became lower. At a higher concentration of HF the polymerization number of Ta in the aqueous phase was constant and larger than that in the organic phase, independent of the concentration of Ta in the aqueous phase, but at a lower concentration of HF the ratio of the polymerization number in the aqueous phase to that in the organic phase was larger at a higher concentration of Ta, but was smaller at a lower concentration of Ta. (4) The process of Ta-HF-TBP extraction was an exthothermic reaction, and the heat of extraction was 2.41kcal/mol at 6.36N HF concentration and 16g/L Ta concentration. (5) The rate-controlling step in the extraction of Ta in the Ta-HF-TBP extraction system was considered to be the formation reaction of a Ta compound-3TBP complex. (6) In this extraction system, the concentration of Ta in. the aqueous phase showed little change by the distance from the interface, but the change in the TBP phase was remarkable. (7) The activation energy for diffusion of Ta species in a 1.28N HF solution was 3.495kcal/mol, and that of a Ta compound-3TBP complex in the TBP phase was 5.836kcal/mol.

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Section: Experimental Procedures and Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Extraction of Tantalum in the Tantalum-Hydrofluoric Acid-Tributyl Phosphate System

1964

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“…In each method described above, behaviors of principal impurities such as Fe, Sri, and Ti extracted with Nb and Ta, are a very important problem from the view point of the purity of products by the liquidliquid solvent extraction method, but few has been reported on fundamental analyses of this problem(6)(7)(8). The aututtthors have already published several reports concerning liquid-liquid extraction and separation of Ta and Nb, by the use of the HF-HN03-hexone system(9), the HF-HCI-hexone system (10), the HF-H2SO4-hexone systom(11), she HF-hexone system (12) and salting-out agents in the Nb-HF-hexone system (13) and in this investigation we also used hexone (methyl isobutyl ketone)which is used as an organic solvent in commercial extraction and separation of Nb and Ta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviors of Sn, Ti and Fe in Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Nb and Ta

Nishimura¹,

Moriyama²,

Kushima

1964

Trans. JIM

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The behaviors of the impurities, Sn, Ti and Fe in the liquid-liquid solvent extraction of Ta and Nb with organic solvents are very important in the production of high purity Nb and Ta. The authors investigated the behaviors of impurities mentioned above in four solvent extraction systems of Ta and Nb, namely HF-hexone, HF-HCI-hexone and HF-H2S04-hexone and HF-HNO3-hexone systems,. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (1) By measuring the distribution ratios of Sn, Ti, Fe, Ta and Nb in each extractive system, it was found that Sn, Ti and Fe can be separated sufficiently from Nb and Ta. (2) The extractabilities of Sn, Ti and Fe increase with the mineral acid concentration at a constant HF acidity. (3) At a constant high HF acidity, 12.75N, they decrease in the following order: HF-HCl system>HF-H2SO4 system>HF-HNO3 system. (4) Sn % and Ti % of the total organic extract augment with the frequency of extraction in the HF-H2SO4, HF-HCl and HF-HNO3 systems. (5) The separation of each of Sn, Ti and Fe from Ta is easier than those from Nb. (6) In the HE-mineral acid-hexone system one can obtain an extract of higher purity than that in the HF-hexone system by selecting some suitable mineral acid concentrations and moreover by utilizing an advantage of larger coextractability of Nb and Ta.

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“…Processes for extracting niobium and tantalum from ores such as tantalite, dissolved in H2SO4-HF or H2SO4-HCI, have also been reported. Nishimura et al (1964a) reported that Nb was extracted by MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) from H2SO4-HF solutions and that the extraction of Ti was less than 1% when present at 5 grams per liter. May et al (1961) developed a procedure for extracting Nb from H2SO4-HF solutions using MIBK and indicated no appreciable extraction of Ti.…”

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Extraction of Trace Niobium from Titanium Sulfate Solutions

Bonsack¹

1971

Product R&D

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Niobium, a trace impurity that adversely affects the electrical properties of high purity titanium dioxide and titanates, was removed by liquid-liquid extraction from concentrated, industrial titanium sulfate solutions containing 30 to 70 grams of Ti per liter and 50 to 115 mg of Nb per liter. Addition of HCI or HF was necessary to obtain high niobium extractions and high Nb/Ti separation factors. Data for 10 organic extractants are reported. Cyclohexanone was the most efficient extractant for H2SO4-HF solutions; one extraction removed 98% of the niobium with a titanium loss of less than 2%. Diisobutyl carbinol was the most efficient extractant for the H2SO4-HCI system; one extraction removed 92% of the niobium with a titanium loss of 10%.Ilmenite ore is used as a raw material in the commercial production of titanium dioxide by the "sulfate" process. Many impurities in the ore are removed from the titanium dioxide during processing, but the Nb/Ti ratio remains unchanged. The niobium content of titanium dioxide produced from ilmenite will therefore contain about 0.1 wt % Nb depending on the source of ilmenite. Company, "Baker" CHO Cyclohexanone J. T. Baker Chemical Company, reagent DBBP Dibutyl butylphosphonate Mobil Chemical Co. DIBC Diisobutyl carbinol (2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol) J. T. Baker Chemical Company, "Baker" DIBK Diisobutyl ketone (2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone) J. T. Baker Chemical Company, practical EHPA D i (2-ethy lhexyl) phosphoric acid Union Carbide Corp. LA-1 AT-dodecenyl (trialkylmethyl) amine Rohm and Haas Co. MIBK Methyl isobutyl ketone J. T. Baker Chemical Company, reagent TBP Tributyl phosphate J. T. Baker Chemical Company, practical TOPO Trioctylphosphine oxide Eastman Kodak Co., Eastman grade TTA 2-Thenoyltrifluoro acetone [4,4,4-trifluoro-l-(2-thienyl) 1,3-but anedione ] J. T. Baker ChemicalCompany, reagent 20 minutes were used to ensure near-equilibrium, especially for the more highly concentrated and viscous systems. The Nb content in the aqueous phase was determined for several extraction systems after shaking for 5, 20, and 40 minutes.In each case, no further extraction occurred after 20 minutes.

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Behavior of Ti in Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Nb and Ta

Cited by 4 publications

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The Mechanism of Extraction of Tantalum in the Tantalum-Hydrofluoric Acid-Tributyl Phosphate System

The Mechanism of Extraction of Tantalum in the Tantalum-Hydrofluoric Acid-Tributyl Phosphate System

Behaviors of Sn, Ti and Fe in Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Nb and Ta

Extraction of Trace Niobium from Titanium Sulfate Solutions

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