Large-capacity nuclear power plants are generally equipped with generator circuit breakers (GCBs) and capacitors connected in parallel at each end of the GCB to limit transient recovery voltages. However, an increase in capacitance to ground caused by shunt capacitors can lead to arcing ground overvoltage during single-phase short-circuit faults. This study conducts theoretical calculations and simulations to analyze the effects of reducing the resistance of the secondary side of the neutral grounding transformer and reducing the ratio of the grounding transformer on transient overvoltage limitation during single-phase short-circuit faults. The study also investigates the relationship between the size of the shunt capacitor at each end of the GCB and the single-phase short-circuit voltage and current to provide a reference for the optimal configuration of generator neutral equipment in practical engineering scenarios.