Behavioral alterations and gills damage in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to an environmental concentration of delorazepam

Fogliano, Chiara; Carotenuto, Rosa; Panzuto, Raffaele; Spennato, Valentina; Bonis, Salvatore De; Simoniello, Palma; Raggio, Anja; Avallone, Bice; Agnisola, Claudio; Motta, Chiara Maria

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2022.104030

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Contaminant levels in egg masses that are linked to deformities and reduced offspring viability can result from maternal transfer of contaminants rather than indicating direct environmental exposure alone (Todd et al, 2011;Metts et al, 2013). Determining physiological response to a variety of stressors (e.g., contaminant mixtures and abiotic factors), is a complex challenge that might be approached by evaluating exposure-based epigenetic changes (e.g., DNA methylation, histone acetylation) in developing embryos (Fogliano et al, 2023) or simply assessing differential responses in later life stages.…”

Section: Development (Embryo Transition To Tadpole Stage; T E )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework for multi-stressor physiological response evaluation in amphibian risk assessment and conservation

Awkerman,

Glinski,

Henderson

et al. 2024

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Controlled laboratory experiments are often performed on amphibians to establish causality between stressor presence and an adverse outcome. However, in the field, identification of lab-generated biomarkers from single stressors and the interactions of multiple impacts are difficult to discern in an ecological context. The ubiquity of some pesticides and anthropogenic contaminants results in potentially cryptic sublethal effects or synergistic effects among multiple stressors. Although biochemical pathways regulating physiological responses to toxic stressors are often well-conserved among vertebrates, different exposure regimes and life stage vulnerabilities can yield variable ecological risk among species. Here we examine stress-related biomarkers, highlight endpoints commonly linked to apical effects, and discuss differences in ontogeny and ecology that could limit interpretation of biomarkers across species. Further we identify promising field-based physiological measures indicative of potential impacts to health and development of amphibians that could be useful to anuran conservation. We outline the physiological responses to common stressors in the context of altered functional pathways, presenting useful stage-specific endpoints for anuran species, and discussing multi-stressor vulnerability in the larger framework of amphibian life history and ecology. This overview identifies points of physiological, ecological, and demographic vulnerability to provide context in evaluating the multiple stressors impacting amphibian populations worldwide for strategic conservation planning.

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Section: Development (Embryo Transition To Tadpole Stage; T E )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework for multi-stressor physiological response evaluation in amphibian risk assessment and conservation

Awkerman,

Glinski,

Henderson

et al. 2024

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…The first group was left in the test medium (control); the other three received the test medium containing delorazepam, now one of the most (ab)used benzodiazepines by the Italian population [80], at a final concentration of 1, 5, or 10 µg/L. For the treatment, a largely consumed commercial formulation was used [20,23,81]. In the form of oral drops, it contains delorazepam at 1 mg/mL and excipients in unspecified trace quantities (96% ethanol, glycerol, glycasol N, sodium saccharin, propylene glycol).…”

Section: Animal Maintenance and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tissue samples were fixed in 5 mL Bouin's solution (picric acid, formaldehyde, acetic acid; 15:5:1 v/v/v), dehydrated in graded ethanol, and embedded in paraffin according to routine protocols [84]. Sections (6 µm) were stained with hemalum-eosin to show general morphology or with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) or Alcian blue to highlight mucin, glycogen, and glycoproteins [23]. Carbohydrate residues were characterized by staining with a panel of lectins: WGA specific for Nacetyl-glucosamine, UEA-1 specific for α-fucose, and Con A specific for mannose (Vector Laboratories Inc, Newark, NY, USA; 2 mg/mL).…”

Section: Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BZD effects, therefore, may vary in a species-specific manner, but evidence also indicates differences in response according to the dose (Xenopus laevis embryos; [20]) or type of treatment, acute or chronic (Hediste diversicolor, [21]). In addition, it has been demonstrated that BZDs may exert dissimilar effects on different forms of behaviors, for example, on feeding and swimming [20,22,23]. Moreover, a possible direct effect on tissues should be considered: BZDs in fact can also exert their action via the peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (TSPO) located on mitochondrial membranes [24], which regulate cell energy metabolism, transmembrane potential, and sensitivity to reactive oxygen species [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benzodiazepine Delorazepam Induces Locomotory Hyperactivity and Alterations in Pedal Mucus Texture in the Freshwater Gastropod Planorbarius corneus

Fogliano,

Carotenuto,

Agnisola

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Benzodiazepines, psychotropic drugs, are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment due to over-consumption and inefficient removal by sewage treatment plants. Bioaccumulation with consequent behavioral and physiological effects has been reported in many aquatic species. However, the responses are species-specific and still poorly understood. To improve the knowledge, we exposed the freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus to 1, 5, or 10 µg/L of delorazepam, the most widely consumed benzodiazepine in Italy. Conventional behavioral tests were used to assess the effects on locomotor and feeding behavior. Histological and biochemical analyses were also performed to detect possible changes in the structure and composition of the foot mucus and glands. The results show a paradoxical response with reduced feeding activity and locomotor hyperactivity. Pedal mucus was altered in texture but not in composition, becoming particularly rich in fibrous collagen-like material, and a significant change in the protein composition was highlighted in the foot. In conclusion, exposure to delorazepam induces disinhibited behavior in Planorbarius corneus, potentially increasing the risk of predation, and an increase in mucus protein production, which, together with reduced feeding activity, would severely compromise energy resources.

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“…Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are now among the most abused drugs and are frequently found as contaminants in the aquatic environment [6][7][8][9][10]. Many different types may be present simultaneously, at concentrations ranging from ng/L up to 0.89 µg/L in rivers (diazepam [11,12]) and up to 117 ng/L in seawater (lorazepam [8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzodiazepine Interference with Fertility and Embryo Development: A Preliminary Survey in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

Fogliano,

Carotenuto,

Cirino

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Psychotropic drugs and benzodiazepines are nowadays among the primary substances of abuse. This results in a large and constant release into aquatic environments where they have potentially harmful effects on non-target organisms and, eventually, human health. In the last decades, evidence has been collected on the possible interference of benzodiazepines with reproductive processes, but data are few and incomplete. In this study, the possible negative influence of delorazepam on fertilization and embryo development has been tested in Paracentrotus lividus, a key model organism in studies of reproduction and embryonic development. Sperm, eggs, or fertilized eggs have been exposed to delorazepam at three concentrations: 1 μg/L (environmentally realistic), 5 μg/L, and 10 μg/L. Results indicate that delorazepam reduces the fertilizing capacity of male and female gametes and interferes with fertilization and embryo development. Exposure causes anatomical anomalies in plutei, accelerates/delays development, and alters the presence and distribution of glycoconjugates such as N-Acetyl-glucosamine, α-linked fucose, and α-linked mannose in both morulae and plutei. These results should attract attention to the reproductive fitness of aquatic species exposed to benzodiazepines and pave the way for further investigation of the effects they may exert on human fertility. The presence of benzodiazepines in the aquatic environment raises concerns about the reproductive well-being of aquatic species. Additionally, it prompts worries regarding potential impacts on human fertility due to the excessive use of anxiolytics.

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Behavioral alterations and gills damage in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to an environmental concentration of delorazepam

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Framework for multi-stressor physiological response evaluation in amphibian risk assessment and conservation

Framework for multi-stressor physiological response evaluation in amphibian risk assessment and conservation

Benzodiazepine Delorazepam Induces Locomotory Hyperactivity and Alterations in Pedal Mucus Texture in the Freshwater Gastropod Planorbarius corneus

Benzodiazepine Interference with Fertility and Embryo Development: A Preliminary Survey in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

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