Behavioral and biochemical responses in freshwater fish Carassius auratus exposed to sertraline

Concentrating mixtures of neuroactive pharmaceuticals and altered neurotransmitter levels in the brain of fish exposed to a wastewater effluent

“…However, concentrations of the SSRIs fluoxetine, sertraline and citalopram and the SNRI venlafaxine measured in the undiluted effluent in our study were well below nominal concentrations that have been shown to affect fish behaviour under experimental laboratory conditions. For instance, exposure to water concentrations of sertraline at > 3 μg/L were necessary to cause changes in shelter-seeking behaviour in adult male fathead minnows (Valenti et al, 2012) and shoaling activity in crucian carp (Xie et al, 2015). Similarly, other studies investigating the effects of exposure to fluoxetine, citalopram or venlafaxine have shown that behaviour-related changes in fish were only observed after exposure to concentrations in the μg/L range (Bisesi et al, 2014;Kellner et al, 2016;Margiotta-Casaluci et al, 2014).…”

“…However, there is uncertainty as to whether environmental water concentrations of neuroactive drugs such as SSRIs bioconcentrate to high enough concentrations in the plasma or target tissues to cause behavioural effects in fish . Mean measured concentrations of neuroactive pharmaceuticals in WwTW effluents have been reported at between 1 and 330 ng/L for SSRIs (e.g., fluoxetine, sertraline and citalopram), SNRIs (venlafaxine), tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline) and benzodiazepines (diazepam) (Grabicova et al, 2014;Petrie et al, 2015), and these are far below water concentrations for SSRIs fluoxetine, sertraline and citalopram (in the range of 1-116 µg/L) and for venlafaxine (between 250 and 500 µg/L) reported to affect the behaviour of different fish species in laboratory experiments (Bisesi et al, 2014;Kellner et al, 2016;Margiotta-Casaluci et al, 2014;Valenti et al, 2012;Xie et al, 2015). In contrast with these reports however, there have been some studies indicating that fluoxetine at concentrations below 1 µg/L (0.3 µg/L and 0.54 µg/L), and therefore similar to environmental concentrations, could affect fish behaviour (Barry, 2013;Dzieweczynski and Hebert, 2012).…”

Insektisit Lambda Cyhalothrin Maruz Bırakılan Sivrisinek Balığı Gambusia affinis’te Davranış Değişimi

“…Behavioral alterations, as identified by this movement tracking hardware and software system, also provides a potential tool for the quantification of differences in reproductive behaviors, predator-prey interactions, behavioral changes across environmental gradients, and differences in swimming behavior between species. Analysis of behavioral responses to a variety of stimuli can provide quantitative measures of neural and mechanical disruption, reflecting biochemical and physiological alterations (Xie et al 2015).…”

Polluted water exacerbates Barbus callensis oocyte oxidative status

“…3. ) Many studies have reported that antioxidant enzyme activity can be induced in low concentrations of pollutants and damaged under higher concentrations (Madeira et al 2013, Rama and Manjabhat 2014, Xie et al 2015. At higher concentrations, chemicals can directly inhibit the activity of enzymes, or indirectly reduce the concentration of the enzymes by damaging cell organs (Brown et al 2004, Jemec et al 2007.…”

“…Therefore, quantitative measurement of biomarkers, which indicate toxicological-induced changes in biological systems, could serve as potent indicators of ecosystem health (Maria et al 2009). In addition, these biomarkers could also reflect the effects of deleterious factors affecting water quality (Al-Gubory 2014, Xie et al 2015).…”