Behavioral and cortisol responses to repeated capture and venipuncture inCebus apella

Dettmer, Elizabeth; Phillips, Kimberley A.; Rager, Dawn R.; Bernstein, Irwin S.; Fragaszy, Dorothy M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2345(1996)38:4<357::aid-ajp6>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 30 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For example, plasma cortisol levels in rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) have been reported to increase due to social separation [ 5 ] and movement restraint [ 6 ]. Training monkeys to participate in experimental procedures with positive reinforcement training (PRT), as used widely in system neuroscience, can reduce stress responses, as, for instance, shown for venipuncture [ 7 ], entering a transport box [ 8 ], and presenting the hind leg for injections [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of stress responses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to daily routine procedures in system neuroscience based on salivary cortisol concentrations

et al. 2018

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Non-human primates participating in neurophysiological research are exposed to potentially stressful experimental procedures, such as dietary control protocols, surgical implants and their maintenance, or social separation during training and experimental session. Here, we investigated the effect of controlled access to fluid, surgical implants, implant-related cleaning of skin margins, and behavioral training sessions on salivary cortisol levels of adult male rhesus macaques participating in neurophysiological research. The animals were trained to chew flavored cotton swabs to non-invasively collect saliva samples. Our data show no differences in cortisol levels between animals with and without implants, but both, controlled access to fluid and cleaning of implants individually increased salivary cortisol concentrations, while both together did not further increase the concentration. Specifically, before cleaning, individuals with controlled access to fluid had 55% higher cortisol concentrations than individuals with free access to fluid. Under free access to fluid, cortisol concentrations were 27% higher after cleaning while no effect of cleaning was found for individuals under controlled fluid access. Training sessions under controlled access to fluid also did not affect salivary cortisol concentrations. The observed changes in cortisol concentrations represent mild stress responses, as they are only a fraction of the range of the regular circadian changes in cortisol levels in rhesus monkeys. They also indicate that combinations of procedures do not necessarily lead to cumulative stress responses. Our results indicate that salivary cortisol levels of rhesus monkeys respond to neurophysiological experimental procedures and, hence, may be used to assess further refinements of such experimental methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of stress responses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to daily routine procedures in system neuroscience based on salivary cortisol concentrations

et al. 2018

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“…Training chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) and rhesus macaques to sit on a chair and cooperate with venipuncture allowed easier blood sampling, 22 thus limiting increases of serum cortisol concentration 23,24 . Similar effects were also observed in capuchin monkeys ( Cebus apella ), in which cortisol concentration was not significantly increased, 25 and in rhesus macaques, whose peak plasma cortisol progressively decreased with training 26–28 to lower than in tethered animals 29 …”

Section: Blood Specimensmentioning

confidence: 66%

Quality of hematology and clinical chemistry results in laboratory and zoo nonhuman primates: Effects of the preanalytical phase. A review

Granat,

Trumel,

Braun

et al. 2023

J of Medical Primatology

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Most errors in clinical pathology originate in the preanalytical phase, which includes all steps from the preparation of animals and equipment to the collection of the specimen and its management until analyzed. Blood is the most common specimen collected in nonhuman primates. Other specimens collected include urine, saliva, feces, and hair. The primary concern is the variability of blood hematology and biochemistry results due to sampling conditions with the effects of capture, restraint, and/or anesthesia. Housing and diet have fewer effects, with the exception of food restriction to reduce obesity. There has been less investigation regarding the impact of sampling conditions of nonblood specimens.

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“…In agreement with Jurke et al (1997) and Whitten et al (1998), we can use an indirect and non-invasive method to measure cortisol through extraction and measurement of fecal corticoid metabolites, which according to them, present a highly positive correlation with the level of plasma cortisol. The levels of plasma cortisol present a strong positive correlation with alterations in the intensity of stressing agents, as shown by Line et al (1987) and Dettmer et al (1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

<b>The Importance of Animal Well-being for Reproduction in Captive <b/>

Pizzutto¹

2006

Annu Rev Biomed Sci

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International zoos consider enrichment to be very important, with many reports in the literature confirming the efficacy of interactive techniques used with the exclusive objective of providing a better quality of life, with the consequent well-being and reproductive success of animals held in captivity. It is difficult to measure effectively well-being, but indirect measurements are considered to be reliable, such as physical health, physiological measurements of stress, and presentation of the typical behavioral patterns of the species under study. Techniques of behavioral enrichment are used to reduce the stress caused by captivity, which may manifest through inadequate physiological responses and atypical behavioral patterns for the species, considered to be stereotyped behaviors.As a quantitative parameter of the intensity of stereotypy in an animal, we can monitor the levels of fecal corticoid metabolites. The objective of behavioral enrichment is to improve the quality of care provided to captive animals by the identification and use of the environmental stimuli necessary for the psychological and physical well-being of these animals. In practice, enrichment covers a variety of original, creative and ingenious techniques to keep captive animals busy by increasing the gamut and diversity of behavioral opportunities and by offering more stimulating environments. Through enrichment we can provide choices to an individual about the types of environment to be enjoyed at a given time, the possibility of exploration, unpredictability, control of the environment or diet, socialization, and privacy.

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Behavioral and cortisol responses to repeated capture and venipuncture inCebus apella

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Assessment of stress responses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to daily routine procedures in system neuroscience based on salivary cortisol concentrations

Assessment of stress responses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to daily routine procedures in system neuroscience based on salivary cortisol concentrations

Quality of hematology and clinical chemistry results in laboratory and zoo nonhuman primates: Effects of the preanalytical phase. A review

<b>The Importance of Animal Well-being for Reproduction in Captive <b/>

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