Behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying cognitive vulnerability models of depression.

Auerbach, Randy P.; Webb, Christian A.; Gardiner, Casey K.; Pechtel, Pia

doi:10.1037/a0031417

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, the Cronbach's alpha for the CSQ subscales ranged from 0.90 to 0.91, suggesting strong internal consistency. Previous studies have also documented the ability of the CSQ to assess the depressogenic cognitive style in Western countries 3 34 and mainland China 18 37 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, cortical-subcortical neural circuits were found to underlie the neurobiology of depression, especially the frontal-striatal-thalamic and limbic-thalamic-frontal networks 12 13 14 15 . Limited structural and functional imaging data from individuals with cognitive vulnerability also support these models 16 17 18 . More specifically 17 , functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed while participants with MDD or CVD and healthy control (HC) participants engaged in an emotional face matching paradigm.…”

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confidence: 93%

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Altered white matter integrity in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression: a tract-based spatial statistics study

Xiao

McWhinnie

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The microstructure of white matter in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated to be abnormal. However, it remains unclear whether these changes exist prior to the onset of disease. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging was used to evaluate white matter integrity in individuals who exhibited cognitive vulnerability to depression (CVD), MDD, and healthy controls (HC). Compared with the HC, MDD exhibited a lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in ten brain regions: the cerebral peduncle, the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule (ALIC and PLIC), the external capsule, the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule (RLIC), the body and splenium of the corpus callosum, the superior and posterior corona radiata, and the cingulum. Moreover, CVD had significantly lower FA in the ALIC, the PLIC, the external capsule, the RLIC, the cerebral peduncle, and the superior corona radiata than did the HC. However, the white matter integrity was not significantly different between the CVD and MDD. These preliminary results indicate that alterations in the white matter observed in CVD may be a marker of vulnerability to MDD and that these alterations may exist prior to the onset of depression.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 93%

Altered white matter integrity in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression: a tract-based spatial statistics study

Xiao

McWhinnie

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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“…Deficits in attentional control are argued to be related to affective disorders as individuals have difficulties shifting resources away from negative thoughts and re-directing attention toward more positive information ( 16 ). The importance of executive control in the development and maintenance of affective disorders is outlined in an integrative cognitive-biological model of depression that proposes two key components ( 17 , 18 ). Initially, low-level bottom–up processing of negative information results in attentional biases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Suicidal Behavior, Attentional Control, and Frontal Asymmetry

Thompson

Ong

2018

Front. Psychiatry

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It can be difficult to identify those at risk of suicide because suicidal thoughts are often internalized and not shared with others. Yet to prevent suicide attempts it is crucial to identify suicidal thoughts and actions at an early stage. Past studies have suggested that deficits in attentional control are associated with suicide, with the argument that individuals are unable to inhibit negative thoughts and direct resources away from negative information. The current study aimed to investigate the association of suicidal behavior with neurological and behavioral markers, measuring attentional bias and inhibition in two Stroop tasks. Fifty-four participants responded to the color of color words in a standard Stroop task and the color of positive, negative, and neutral words in an emotional Stroop task. Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was recorded from frontal areas during each task and at resting. Participants were separated into a low-risk and high-risk group according to their self-reported suicidal behavior. Participants in the high-risk group showed slower response times in the color Stroop and reduced accuracy to incongruent trials, but faster response times in the emotional Stroop task. Response times to the word “suicide” were significantly slower for the high-risk group. This indicates an attentional bias toward specific negative stimuli and difficulties inhibiting information for those with high levels of suicidal behavior. In the emotional Stroop task the high-risk group showed reduced activity in leftward frontal areas, suggesting limitations in the ability to regulate emotional processing via the left frontal regions. The findings support the argument that deficits in attentional control are related to suicidal behavior. The research also suggests that under certain conditions frontal asymmetry may be associated with suicidal behavior.

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“…In the present study, Cronbach’s alpha for the CSQ subscales ranged from 0.90 to 0.91, suggesting strong internal consistency. Previous studies have documented the ability of the CSQ to assess negative inferential style in Western countries (Abela & Sarin, 2002; Alloy et al, 2000) and in mainland China (Auerbach, Webb, Gardiner, & Pechtel, 2013; Xiao, He, Jin, & Bai, 2013). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Weakest Link’ as a Cognitive Vulnerability Within the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in Chinese University Students

Xiao

Qiu

et al. 2014

Stress Health

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The current study tested the cognitive vulnerability–stress component of hopelessness theory using a ‘weakest link’ approach (e.g. an individual is as cognitively vulnerable to depression as his or her most depressogenic attributional style makes him or her) in a sample of Chinese university students. Participants included 520 students in Changsha. During an initial assessment, participants completed measures assessing weakest link, depressive symptoms and occurrence of negative events once a month for 6 months. Results from hierarchical linear modelling analyses showed that higher levels of weakest link scores were associated with greater increases in depressive symptoms following the occurrence of negative events. Higher weakest link level was associated with greater increases in depressive symptoms over time. These results provide support for the applicability of the ‘weakest link’ approach to the hopelessness theory to Chinese university students.

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Behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying cognitive vulnerability models of depression.

Cited by 14 publications

References 104 publications

Altered white matter integrity in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression: a tract-based spatial statistics study

Altered white matter integrity in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression: a tract-based spatial statistics study

The Association Between Suicidal Behavior, Attentional Control, and Frontal Asymmetry

‘Weakest Link’ as a Cognitive Vulnerability Within the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in Chinese University Students

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