Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Total Phenolic Content and Sideritis Extract in Female Mice

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive and behavioral effects of extra virgin olive oil total phenolic content (TPC) and Sideritis (SID) extracts in female mice, and identify the associated neurochemical changes in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. All animals received intraperitoneal low or high doses of TPC, SID or vehicle treatment for 7 days and were subjected to the Open Field (OF), Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were dissected for analysis of neurotransmitters and aminoacids with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). Both TPC doses enhanced vertical activity and center entries in the OF, which could indicate an anxiolytic-like effect. In addition, TPC enhanced non-spatial working memory and, in high doses, exerted antidepressant effects. On the other hand, high SID doses remarkably decreased the animals’ overall activity. Locomotor and exploratory activities were closely associated with cortical increases in serotonin turnover induced by both treatments. Cognitive performance was linked to glutamate level changes. Furthermore, TPC reduced cortical taurine levels, while SID reduced cortical aspartate levels. TPC seems to have promising cognitive, anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, whereas SID has sedative effects in high doses. Both extracts act in the brain, but their specific actions and properties merit further exploration.

Effect of Hydroxytyrosol Derivatives of Donepezil on the Activity of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Oxidative Damage

“…In the literature, there are different kinds of molecules with multifunctional properties that contain the N -benzyl-piperidine moiety associated with MAO and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor activity [ 55 ]. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds derived from olive oil have been widely demonstrated, which also have beneficial neurochemical effects [ 56 , 57 ]. Considering the similarity between the MAO metabolites and the polyphenolic compounds, it was reasonable that the presence of a phenolic portion could favor one enzyme and also have some effect on others.…”

Development of flavored yoghurt fortified with microcapsules of triple omega 3‐ 6‐ 9 for preventing neurotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride in rats

“…On this basis, the ratio between omega 3 and 6 in the triple omega microcapsules might contribute to the increase in the values of neurotransmitters. Kokras et al (2020) reported that olive oil has a promising effect against cognitive decline and mental disorder due to its content of biological active substances that increase neurotransmitters.…”

Beneficial Effects of Sideritis clandestina Extracts and Sideridiol against Amyloid β Toxicity

“…Treatment of aged, non-transgenic, and APP-transgenic mice with S. scardica extract (and S. euboea extract) enhanced cognition and reduced the amyloid plaque burden in transgenic mice [ 28 ]. Nevertheless, results were not equally promising when female mice were used while high doses induced a dose-dependent sedative effect [ 29 ]. More recently, S. scardica water extract was demonstrated to preserve memory in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia [ 30 ].…”