Behavioral and physiological changes around estrus events identified using multiple automated monitoring technologies

Dolecheck, K.A.; Silvia, W.J.; Heersche, G.; Chang, Yu‐Mei; Ray, D.L.; Stone, Amanda E.; Wadsworth, Barbara; Bewley, J.M.

doi:10.3168/jds.2015-9645

Cited by 94 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Furthermore, there can be substantial differences between rumination times estimated with acoustic neck tags versus accelerometer ear tags. In a study that used both types of sensors, Dolecheck et al (2015) reported that rumination times from Hi-Tag neck sensors were on average 39% greater than those from CowManager ear tag sensors (551 vs. 396 min/d, n = 18 cows). As mean rumination time in dairy cows is about 435 min/d (Table 1), it is not clear which sensor best represented actual rumination time.…”

Section: Measuring Chewing Timementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Greatest cow activity and lowest rumination time occurred between 0200 and 0800 h and 0400 and 1000 h on the day of estrus, respectively. In a study of 32 Holstein cows, several different automated monitoring technologies were used to monitor chewing activity, temperature, and activity before and during estrus (Dolecheck et al, 2015). Eighteen cows displayed estrus (standing to be mounted) during the study.…”

Section: Estrus Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows

Beauchemin

2018

Journal of Dairy Science

291

221

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Many early studies laid the foundation for our understanding of the mechanics of chewing, the physiological role of chewing for the cow, and how chewing behavior is affected by dietary characteristics. However, the dairy cow has changed significantly over the past decades, as have the types of diets fed and the production systems used. The plethora of literature published in recent years provides new insights on eating and ruminating activity of dairy cows. Lactating dairy cows spend about 4.5 h/d eating (range: 2.4-8.5 h/d) and 7 h/d ruminating (range: 2.5-10.5 h/d), with a maximum total chewing time of 16 h/d. Chewing time is affected by many factors, most importantly whether access to feed is restricted, intake of neutral detergent fiber from forages, and mean particle size of the diet. Feed restriction and long particles (≥19 mm) have a greater effect on eating time, whereas intake of forage neutral detergent fiber and medium particles (4-19 mm) affects rumination time. It is well entrenched in the literature that promoting chewing increases salivary secretion of dairy cows, which helps reduce the risk of acidosis. However, the net effect of a change in chewing time on rumen buffing is likely rather small; therefore, acidosis prevention strategies need to be broad. Damage to plant tissues during mastication creates sites that provide access to fungi, adhesion of bacteria, and formation of biofilms that progressively degrade carbohydrates. Rumination and eating are the main ways in which feed is reduced in particle size. Contractions of the rumen increase during eating and ruminating activity and help move small particles to the escapable pool and into the omasum. Use of recently developed low-cost sensors that monitor chewing activity of dairy cows in commercial facilities can provide information that is helpful in management decisions, especially when combined with other criteria. Although accuracy and precision can be somewhat variable depending on sensor and conditions of use, relative changes in cow behavior, such as a marked decrease in rumination time of a cow or sustained low rumination time compared with a contemporary group of cows, can be used to help detect estrus, parturition, and some illnesses. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the dietary, animal, and management factors that affect eating and ruminating behavior in dairy cows and presents an overview of the physiological importance of chewing with emphasis on recent developments and practical implications for feeding and managing the modern housed dairy cow.

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Section: Measuring Chewing Timementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Estrus Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows

Beauchemin

2018

Journal of Dairy Science

291

221

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Some currently available accelerometers are equipped with a thermometer. Dolecheck et al 46 used CowManager SensOor and detected a significant increase in ear temperature during estrus, but their readings were not consistent. Moreover, the authors emphasized that the temperature of the ear to a large extent depends on external factors, and readings from the SensOor system cannot be used for the detection of estrus.…”

Section: Estrus Detectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some currently available accelerometers are equipped with a thermometer. Dolecheck et al . used CowManager SensOor and detected a significant increase in ear temperature during estrus, but their readings were not consistent.…”

Section: Estrus Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of different applications of automatic herd control systems on dairy farms – a review

et al. 2018

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Recent years have seen the rapid development of different devices which can be helpful in the daily work of livestock farmers. The growing size of livestock herds has led farmers to lose individual contact with their animals, while behavioral studies show that breeders can effectively and precisely monitor a herd of up to 100 cows. This was the main motivation for this study, which aims to identify and test various electronic devices which provide useful herd management data, including estrus detection, individual activity and body temperature measurement, monitoring rumen pH levels, milk quality and content as well as milk temperature and somatic cell count measurements. Some devices can detect the metabolic status of animals with a reasonable level of precision. Contemporary animal farms are offered a large number of systems for monitoring the behavior of the animals in the herd and helping to identify those that are intended for insemination or are too active or excessively apathetic. Monitoring devices support herd management and help to reduce costs through the early detection of animal diseases and nutritional problems. This review aims to compile and summarize the information currently available on the use of automatic herd control systems on dairy farms, as well as to discuss the interpretation of the results, providing a useful diagnostic tool in nutritional evaluations of dairy herds. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Both mentioned sensor techniques measure the decreasing rumination time during estrus compared with nonestrus in study published by Dolecheck et al (2015). The percent change in rumination time between nonestrus and estrus for the CowManager SensOor and the HR Tag were -43.8 and -37.9 %, respectively.…”

Section: Feeding and Rumination Timementioning

confidence: 98%

Several Methods of Estrus Detection in Cattle Dams: A Review

Mičiaková¹,

Strapák²,

Szencziová³

et al. 2018

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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The oestrus is defined as a complex of physiological signs and changes of behavior occurring immediately before the ovulation. It is the period of sexual receptivity of the cow and this period characterized by, typical cow behaviour which is standing when mounted by a bull or companion cow. Cow indicates this willingness by a slight arching of the back and immobility when approached. The bovine estrus cycle averages 20 days in heifers and 21 days in cows, but the fluctuations in the cycle length is laying between 18 and 25 days. As a result of this progress often only 50 % of the estrus cycles are recognized, and it is extremely hard to find all cows on heat. We state a few methods for estrus detection such as visual observation, locomotion activity and rumination time measurement and other.

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Behavioral and physiological changes around estrus events identified using multiple automated monitoring technologies

Cited by 94 publications

References 40 publications

Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows

Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows

Comparison of different applications of automatic herd control systems on dairy farms – a review

Several Methods of Estrus Detection in Cattle Dams: A Review

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