Behavioral and psychological symptoms in Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia

Deardorff, William James; Grossberg, George T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64012-3.00002-2

Cited by 92 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…The number of people with dementia worldwide is expected to increase to approximately 1.3 billion in 2050 ( 2 , 3 ). Even if cognitive symptoms are commonly considered the hallmark feature of dementia, patients usually present a wide variety of “non-cognitive” neuropsychiatric symptoms, and they are important disease manifestations ( 4 , 5 ). They are termed behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and represent a heterogeneous group of non-cognitive symptoms related to disturbed perception, thought content, mood, and behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Telemedicine Care on the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD) Risk Factors Induced or Exacerbated During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Soares

Silvestre²,

Lima

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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The number of people with dementia worldwide is expected to increase to approximately 1.3 billion in 2050. Almost 90% of patients diagnosed with dementia suffer from behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). BPSD causes and risk factors are multiple and complex and can be responsible for hospitalizations in long-term institutions, psychiatric hospitalizations and search for health services. Recently, the world imposition of social distance and self-isolation as the best preventive measures for the COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges in the health care and management of this population, which may trigger or aggravate BPSD, and most caregivers are not prepared to address it. In face of this actual social distancing, telemedicine comes to be a tool for improving the management of these acute symptoms and mental care. In this article, we discuss and disseminate recommendations on this important alternative of assistance, especially considering the cases of BPSD. In this context of a pandemic, even patients with BPSD and caregivers require more frequent and updated guidance, considering the difficult context to social distance. Telemedicine can reduce the risk for the development of negative outcomes in mental health precipitated by the reduction of social contact and less access to health services, improving dementia symptom management, mainly BPSD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Telemedicine Care on the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD) Risk Factors Induced or Exacerbated During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Soares

Silvestre²,

Lima

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The positive symptoms of SCZ overlap with different psychiatric disorders. Indeed, psychosis is also frequent during mood episodes in BD, severe depression, substance use disorder and neurodegenerative disorders ( 16 – 18 ). Intriguingly, some SCZ-like psychopathological abnormalities (i.e., paranoid delusional thinking and auditory hallucinations) are expressed in an attenuated form in 5–8% of the otherwise healthy population, especially in individuals with schizotypal or schizoid personality traits ( 13 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Immune Activation and the Development of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission of the Offspring: Relevance for Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses

2020

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Prenatal infections have been linked to the development of schizophrenia (SCZ) and other neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring, and work in animal models indicates that this is to occur through the maternal inflammatory response triggered by infection. Several studies in animal models demonstrated that acute inflammatory episodes are sufficient to trigger brain alterations in the adult offspring, especially in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, involved in the pathophysiology of SCZ and other disorders involving psychosis. In the current review, we synthesize the literature on the clinical studies implicating prenatal infectious events in the development of SCZ. Then, we summarize evidence from animal models of maternal immune activation (MIA) and the behavioral and molecular alterations relevant for the function of the DAergic system. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence supporting the involvement of maternal cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and leptin (a hormone with effects on inflammation) in mediating the effects of MIA on the fetal brain, leading to the long-lasting effects on the offspring. In particular, IL-6 has been involved in mediating the effects of MIA animal models in the offspring through actions on the placenta, induction of IL-17a, or triggering the decrease in non-heme iron (hypoferremia). Maternal infection is very likely interacting with additional genetic and environmental risk factors in the development of SCZ; systematically investigating how these interactions produce specific phenotypes is the next step in understanding the etiology of complex psychiatric disorders.

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“…Основними патопсихологічними симптомами, характерними для цих груп (Г2 та Г5), виявилися апатія, дратівливість, ажитація та тривога. Подібний спектр нейропсихіатричної симптоматики при таких локалізаціях ураження був виявлений й іншими авторами [11,12]. Така симптоматика, з одного боку -є досить поширеною, а з другого -найбільш резистентною при судинних деменціях.…”

Section: таблиця 3 величини кореляцій нейропсихіатричної симптоматикunclassified

“…Загалом отримані у цієї роботі результати узгоджуються з іншими дослідженнями щодо нейропсихіатричної симптоматики у хворих на судинну деменцію із різною локалізацією уражень [12,14], хоча Левада О. А. зі співавторами найміцніше пов'язаними порушеннями визнавали апатію, депресію та синдроми виконавчої дисфункції, незалежно від локалізації ураження [15].…”

Section: таблиця 3 величини кореляцій нейропсихіатричної симптоматикunclassified

Stable complexes of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain pathological focuses

Zlobin¹

2020

UVP

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The aim of the study was to determine the stable complexes of neuropsychiatric symptoms inherent in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain damage. 157 people with a diagnosis of vascular dementia were examined. Group 1 included 22 people with localization of the pathological process in the frontal lobe, group 2 — 18 patients with lesions of the temporal lobe, group 3 — 17 patients with lesions of the parietal lobe, group 4 — 15 patients with lesions of the occipital lobe, group 5 — 68 people with total defeat. All contingents are post-stroke patients over 50 years old, the average age is 68.12 years. Research methods: clinical-psychopathological, clinical-instrumental, experimental-psychological, anamnestic, clinical-statistical. The stable complexes (clusters) of neuropsychiatric symptoms inherent in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain lesions were determined. Revealing the following stable associations “localization — cluster”: frontal lobe — subpsychotic cluster (delusion — hallucinations — euphoria — agitation — depression); temporal lobe — asthenoanxiotic cluster (anxiety — irritability — agitation — sleep disturbances — apathy); parietal lobe — excitable-depressive cluster (depression — agitation — irritability — sleep disturbances); occipital lobe — affectocentric cluster (anxiety — depression — agitation — irritability); total defeat — asthenopathoideatoric cluster (apathy — irritability — agitation — anxiety — delirium). The identification of the association allows one to confidently determine the nature of the expected neuropsychiatric symptoms immediately after obtaining neuroimaging data regarding the localization of the lesion, which creates optimal conditions for the timely formation of a program of appropriate therapeutic interventions. Key words: vascular dementia, psychopathology, affective symptoms, neuropsychiatric symptoms, geriatric psychiatry

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Behavioral and psychological symptoms in Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia

Cited by 92 publications

References 199 publications

The Influence of Telemedicine Care on the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD) Risk Factors Induced or Exacerbated During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Influence of Telemedicine Care on the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD) Risk Factors Induced or Exacerbated During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Maternal Immune Activation and the Development of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission of the Offspring: Relevance for Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses

Stable complexes of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain pathological focuses

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