“…Despite the efforts from both academia and the industry in seeking ways to enhance customer services, the outcomes of customer services differ depending on the service contexts, such as online (mobile channel or PC channel) and offline channels (Sun et al, 2017 ; Güntürkün et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021a ). For example, in tangible product-based omnichannel (e.g., automobile dealers and sports retailers), customer services have been recognized as those additional services that are provided to customers above and beyond the basic benefits of products (Bowen et al, 1989 ; Li et al, 2021b ). Meanwhile, in service-based contexts (e.g., sports clubs), service value is created during the process of customer service encounters (Teng, 2019 ).…”