Behavioral Economic Purchase Tasks to Estimate Demand for Novel Nicotine/tobacco Products and Prospectively Predict Future Use: Evidence From The Netherlands

Heckman, Bryan W.; Cummings, K. Michael; Nahas, Georges J. El; Willemsen, Marc C.; O’Connor, Richard J.; Borland, Ron; Hirsch, Alexander A; Bickel, Warren K.; Carpenter, Matthew J.

doi:10.1093/ntr/nty042

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Our study provides a unique contribution to the literature because of a multi‐factorial design which included non‐daily smokers. Only daily smokers were included in the two prior cigarette purchase task studies that have examined the influence of vaping status on cigarette demand . Results from both studies suggest that daily smokers express little variation in cigarette demand as a function of vaping status, which is similar to our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The impact of vaping and regulatory environment on cigarette demand: behavioral economic perspective across four countries

et al. 2019

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Background and Aims Government regulations of nicotine vaping products (NVP) have evolved rapidly during the past decade. The impact of NVP regulatory environment and vaping on cigarette demand is unknown. The current study aims to investigate whether or not respondents' reported cigarette demand, as measured by a hypothetical cigarette purchase task, varies with (1) smoking status, (2) vaping status or (3) NVP regulatory environment (country used as proxy).Design Cross-sectional survey data from wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping (4CV) Survey (2016). Setting Australia, Canada, England and the United States. Participants A total of 10 316 adult smokers. Measurements A hypothetical purchase task asked smokers to estimate how many cigarettes they would purchase for consumption in a single day across multiple cigarette prices. Responses were used to derive measures of cigarette demand. Overall sensitivity of cigarette consumption to price increases was quantified to index cigarette demand elasticity, whereas estimated consumption when cigarettes are free was used to index cigarette demand intensity. Findings A majority of the non-daily smokers had previously smoked daily (72.3%); daily vapers were more likely to be former daily smokers (89.9%) compared to non-daily vapers (70.1%) and non-vapers (69.2%) (P < 0.001). The smoking status × vaping status interaction was significant for cigarette demand intensity (F = 4.93; P = 0.007) and elasticity (F = 7.30; P = 0.001): among non-daily smokers, vapers reported greater intensity but lower elasticity (i.e. greater demand) relative to non-vapers (Ps < 0.05). Among daily smokers, daily vapers reported greater intensity relative to non-vapers (P = 0.005), but vaping status did not impact elasticity (Ps > 0.38). Intensity was higher in Australia compared with all other countries (Ps < 0.001), but elasticity did not vary by country (F = 2.15; P = 0.09).Conclusions In a hypothetical purchase task, non-daily smokers showed lower price elasticity if they used e-cigarettes than if they did not, while there was no clear difference in elasticity between e-cigarette users and non-users among daily smokers or according to regulatory environment of their country with regard to e-cigarettes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The impact of vaping and regulatory environment on cigarette demand: behavioral economic perspective across four countries

et al. 2019

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“… Imagine a TYPICAL DAY during which you smoke  FAVORITE BRAND  Same income/savings you have now  No access to other cigarettes or nicotine products  Cigarettes must be consumed ON THAT DAY; cannot save/stockpile for a later date NR; in person Heckman et al (2018) Per cigarette 8 Average market price (0.30) × 0.00, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 5, 10, and 20 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, and 40  Same income/savings you have now  No access to other cigarettes or nicotine products  Can smoke without restrictions for the next 24 hours  Cigarettes must be consumed AT THIS TIME; cannot save/stockpile for a later date…”

Section: González-roz Et Al)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral economic measurement of cigarette demand: A descriptive review of published approaches to the cigarette purchase task.

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Naudé

Salzer

et al. 2020

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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The Cigarette Purchase Task (CPT) is a behavioral economic method for assessing demand for cigarettes. Growing interest in behavioral correlates of tobacco use in clinical and general populations as well as empirical efforts to inform policy has seen an increase in published articles employing the CPT. Accordingly, an examination of the published methods and procedures for obtaining these behavioral economic metrics is timely. The purpose of this investigation was to provide a review of published approaches to using the CPT. We searched specific Boolean operators (["behavioral economic" AND "purchase task"] OR ["demand" AND "cigarette"]) and identified 49 empirical articles published through the year 2018 that reported administering a CPT. Articles were coded for participant characteristics (e.g., sample size, population type, age), CPT task structure (e.g., price framing, number and sequence of prices; vignettes, contextual factors), and data analytic approach (e.g., method of generating indices of cigarette demand). Results of this review indicate no standard approach to administering the CPT and underscore the need for replicability of these behavioral economic measures for the purpose of guiding clinical and policy decisions.

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“…Participants were compensated via the survey firm’s internal points redemption system. Additional information about the survey questions, methods and sample can be found in other papers published from the Gold Magic Survey and the survey’s technical report 12 13…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use among a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of smokers and non-smokers in the Netherlands: results from the 2015 ITC Netherlands Gold Magic Survey

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesExisting evidence shows that co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is widespread. Patterns of co-use of tobacco and cannabis may change as more jurisdictions legalise medicinal and/or recreational cannabis sales. This analysis examined predictors of current cannabis use and characterised methods of consumption among smokers and non-smokers in a context where cannabis use is legal.SettingThe 2015 International Tobacco Control Netherlands—Gold Magic Survey conducted between July and August 2015.ParticipantsParticipants (n=1599; 1003 current smokers, 283 former smokers and 390 non-smokers) were asked to report their current (past 30-day) use of cigarettes and cannabis. Cigarette smokers reported whether they primarily used factory made of roll-your-own cigarettes. Those who reported any cannabis use in the last 30 days were asked about forms of cannabis used. X2and logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships among combustible tobacco and cannabis use.ResultsPast 30-day cannabis use was somewhat higher among current tobacco (or cigarette) smokers (n=57/987=5.8%) than among former or never smokers (n=10/288=3.5% and n=6/316=1.9%, respectively). Joints were the most commonly used form of cannabis use for both current cigarette smokers (96.9%) and non-smokers (76.5%). Among those who smoked cannabis joints, 95% current smokers and 67% of non-smokers reported that they ‘always’ roll cannabis with tobacco.ConclusionsIn this Netherlands-based sample, most cannabis was reported to be consumed via smoking joints, most often mixed with tobacco. This behaviour may present unique health concerns for non-cigarette smoking cannabis users, since tobacco use could lead to nicotine dependence. Moreover, many non-cigarette smoking cannabis users appear to be misclassified as to their actual tobacco/nicotine exposure.

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Behavioral Economic Purchase Tasks to Estimate Demand for Novel Nicotine/tobacco Products and Prospectively Predict Future Use: Evidence From The Netherlands

Abstract: Purchase tasks can be adapted for novel nicotine/tobacco products as a means to efficiently quantify demand and predict use. Among current daily smokers, the demand for ECs and VLNCs is lower than FMCs.

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

The impact of vaping and regulatory environment on cigarette demand: behavioral economic perspective across four countries

The impact of vaping and regulatory environment on cigarette demand: behavioral economic perspective across four countries

Behavioral economic measurement of cigarette demand: A descriptive review of published approaches to the cigarette purchase task.

Cannabis use among a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of smokers and non-smokers in the Netherlands: results from the 2015 ITC Netherlands Gold Magic Survey

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