Behavioral effects of intracerebral administration of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in rats

Mora, Sergio; Afani, Alejandro; Kusanovic, Rodrigo; Tapia, Cecilia; Dı́az-Véliz, Gabriela

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90230-y

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The observed GnRHR staining in the BNST is very close to the septal region where GnRH binding has been visualized in the rat (Badr and Pelletier, 1987) and a lack of acuity using autoradiography could account for the discrepancy. There is no evidence of GnRH-immunoreactive structures in the mammalian nucleus accumbens, but injection of GnRH into the rat nucleus accumbens impairs their ability to develop conditioned avoidance responses to aversive stimuli (Mora et al, 1991(Mora et al, , 1998. Dopamine within the nucleus accumbens may be involved in avoidance conditioning as GnRH may inhibit dopamine synthesis (Mora and Diaz-Veliz, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunoreactive GnRH type I receptors in the mouse and sheep brain

Albertson

Navratil

Mignot

et al. 2008

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone-I (GnRH) has been implicated in an array of functions outside the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. Previous investigations have reported extensive GnRH binding in numerous sites and this has been supported by in situ hybridization studies reporting GnRH receptor mRNA distribution. The present study on mice and sheep supports and extends these earlier investigations by revealing the distribution of cells immunoreactive for the GnRH receptor. In addition to sites previously shown to express GnRH receptors such as the hippocampus, amygdala and the arcuate nucleus, the improved resolution afforded by immunocytochemistry detected cells in the mitral cell lay of the olfactory bulb as well as the central grey of the mesencephalon. In addition, GnRH receptor immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus and mesencephalon of the sheep were shown to colocalize with estrogen receptor beta. Although GnRH may act at some of these sites to regulate reproductive processes, evidence is accumulating to support an extra-reproductive role for this hypothalamic decapeptide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunoreactive GnRH type I receptors in the mouse and sheep brain

Albertson

Navratil

Mignot

et al. 2008

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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“…Although it is has been shown that the duration and intensity of estrous behavior are dependent on the concentration of estradiol (34), the silent ovulation that is observed at the onset of the breeding season is thought to be due to the absence of luteal phase P exposure. In several species, sexual behavior can be evoked by the central administration of GnRH (36,37), and GnRH receptors have been located in neural areas, such as the hippocampus (38), that have been implicated in the generation of sexual behavior. It is also worth noting that during the natural estrous cycle, peripheral estradiol concentrations decrease before or coincident with the termination of the LH surge, while sexual receptivity continues for some hours (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone Priming Is Essential for the Full Expression of the Positive Feedback Effect of Estradiol in Inducing the Preovulatory Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Surge in the Ewe

Caraty

Skinner

1999

Endocrinology

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The luteal phase elevation in circulating progesterone (P) powerfully inhibits GnRH and, consequently, LH release, thereby preventing premature preovulatory LH surges in the ewe. Whether luteal phase P modulates the response of the GnRH system to the positive feedback effect of estradiol is unknown. To investigate this possibility, two experiments were conducted during the anestrous season using an artificial model of the follicular phase in ovariectomized ewes bearing 10-mm s.c. 17beta-estradiol SILASTIC brand implants (Dow Coming Corp.). In Exp 1, ewes (n = 10) were run through four successive artificial cycles during which a luteal phase level of P was either replaced (cycles 1 and 3) or not replaced (cycles 2 and 4). GnRH and LH secretions were monitored by sampling cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and jugular blood from 10-35 h after four 30-mm 17beta-estradiol SILASTIC implants were inserted sc. CSF could be collected from only four ewes over the four cycles. There was no P-dependent difference in the onset of the GnRH and LH surges, which may have been due to a progressive delay in the surge onsets over the four cycles (by ANOVA, P < 0.05). Due to this delay, it was not possible to obtain an accurate estimate of the duration of the GnRH and LH surges in all ewes, but the size of the GnRH surge was always greater when animals had been treated with P, resulting in a significant increase in the maximum (P < 0.01) and mean (P < 0.05) levels during the surge. In contrast, there was no effect on any parameter of LH secretion. In Exp 2, ewes (n = 10) were run through two artificial estrous cycles during which luteal phase P was either replaced or not replaced, using a cross-over experimental design. CSF was collected from seven ewes over the two cycles. GnRH and LH secretions were monitored from 10-53 h after estradiol administration. As in Exp 1, a clear significant increase in the maximal and mean GnRH levels (P < 0.05 for both) was observed during the surge when ewes had been pretreated with P. Again, no changes were observed in LH release during the surge. P priming did, however, delay the onsets of the GnRH (P < 0.01) and LH surges (P < 0.01). Our data show that the increase in P during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle is essential for the full expression of the positive feedback effect of estradiol in inducing the preovulatory GnRH surge in the ewe.

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“…The fact that GnRtt selectively serves as an appetitive stimulus in males may be important for its role in increasing arousal, and thereby male sexual behavior. Others report that GnRH interferes with conditioned avoidance responses in male rats and that these effects are a consequence "of an interaction with DA, probably at the level of the striatum (Mora et al, 1991). In addition, icv GnRtt increases global motility, rearing, and grooming behavior in males (Mora et al, 1991), the latter effect also being observed after infusion into the MCG (Gargiulo and Donoso, 1989).…”

Section: Other Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Others report that GnRH interferes with conditioned avoidance responses in male rats and that these effects are a consequence "of an interaction with DA, probably at the level of the striatum (Mora et al, 1991). In addition, icv GnRtt increases global motility, rearing, and grooming behavior in males (Mora et al, 1991), the latter effect also being observed after infusion into the MCG (Gargiulo and Donoso, 1989). At higher doses, GnRIt inhibits locomotion (Mrowiec et al, 1992), but the magnitude of the effect, measured across several behavioral testing paradigms, suggests that the results may be pharmacological.…”

Section: Other Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hormonal and neurotransmitter regulation of GnRH gene expression and related reproductive behaviors

et al. 1996

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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), having a highly conserved structure across mammalian species, plays a pivotal role in the control of the neuroendocrine events and the inherent sexual behaviors essential for reproductive function. Recent advances in molecular genetic technology have contributed greatly to the investigation of several aspects of GnRH physiology, particularly steroid hormone and neurotransmitter regulation of GnRH gene expression. Behavioral studies have focused on the actions of GnRH in steroid-sensitive brain regions to understand better its role in the facilitation of mating behavior. To date, however, there are no published reports which directly correlate GnRH gene expression and reproductive behavior. The intent of this article is to review the current understanding of the way in which changes in GnRH gene expression, and modifications of GnRH neuronal activity, may ultimately influence reproductive behavior.

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Behavioral effects of intracerebral administration of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Immunoreactive GnRH type I receptors in the mouse and sheep brain

Immunoreactive GnRH type I receptors in the mouse and sheep brain

Progesterone Priming Is Essential for the Full Expression of the Positive Feedback Effect of Estradiol in Inducing the Preovulatory Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Surge in the Ewe

Hormonal and neurotransmitter regulation of GnRH gene expression and related reproductive behaviors

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