Behavioral effects of ionizing radiations: 1955-61.

Furchtgott, Ernest

doi:10.1037/h0048739

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…These phases were correlated well with changes in the high frequency components of cortical electrical activity (Khasabova, 1969). Furchtgott (1963) feels that there is no evidence from Soviet results on conditioning that the rate of conditioned response acquisition or differentiation are affected. That the changes in behavior vary suggests that performance, rather than associative factors, is affected.…”

Section: Classical Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chaddock and Smith (1970) state that although there is a visual component to the immediate detection of x-rays by monkeys, this detection is impossible in well light-adapted animals. Furchtgott (1963) points out that at the same time that x-rays are visible at low doses, visual function is depressed by ionizing radiation. Elkins (1970) reviews the literature supporting olfactory detection of radiation.…”

Section: Detection Arousal and Activity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depression of pedometer manipulation in monkeys is reported by Leary and Ruch (1955). Furchtgott (1963) points out the importance of considering decrements in general activity as the reason for decreased ability in behavioral tests in which speed of performance and/or exploration are important parameters.…”

Section: Detection Arousal and Activity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research prior to 1965 concerning radiation effects on behavior is reviewed in Furchtgott (1956Furchtgott ( , 1963 and in two symposia edited by Snider (1962, 1964). Kimeldorf and Hunt (1965) review, among other things, the effects of radiation on sensory capacities, on performance capacity, on psychological processes, and on behavioral activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON THE BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Appendix to 1972 Progress Report.

Preston¹

1972

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Section: Classical Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Arousal and Activity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Arousal and Activity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON THE BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Appendix to 1972 Progress Report.

Preston¹

1972

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“…The use of X irradiation as a tool in behavioral research has been suggested by a number of writers (e"g., Furchtgott, 1963;Sharp, 1963)" The many behaviors that are affected by ionizing radiation (e.g., maze learning, locomotion, avoidance conditioning) have been summarized by Furchtgott (1963). Generally these effects are a function of dosage, age of exposure, and the behavioral measures used"…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoarding and neonatal irradiation

Manosevitz

1966

Psychon Sci

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Utilization of developmental basic science principles in the evaluation of reproductive risks from pre- and postconception environmental radiation exposures

Brent

1999

Teratology

136

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The subject of the reproductive toxicity of various forms of radiation can be anxiety provoking to the public on two accounts, since reproductive failure engenders an unusual level of guilt and anger in the affected families, and radiation effects are misunderstood and feared by the public. Reproductive problems include an array of genetic and acquired diseases affecting parents and their offspring. Many of these problems are associated with the risk of being induced by preconception and/or postconception exposures to environmental agents. For the various forms of radiation, namely, ionizing radiation, ultrasound, low‐frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF), and microwaves, the potential for producing reproductive effects varies considerably with the form of “radiation” and, of course, the dose. Whether the exposure occurs preconceptionally or postconceptionally is another major consideration. In evaluating the actual reproductive risks, we rely on accurate dosimetry and information obtained in epidemiological studies and animal studies. Epidemiological studies must demonstrate consistency of the reproductive finding, and animal studies should be designed to add to the findings of the epidemiological studies. Most importantly, the conclusions must not contradict the basic principles of teratology, genetics, and reproductive biology, and they should be biologically plausible. But frequently important basic science principles are ignored in the evaluation process. Yet developmental basic science principles can be instrumental in refuting or supporting the concern about possible risks. Although there is some overlap with regard to the preconception and intrauterine effects of ionizing radiation, there are significant differences. Preconception effects are mainly stochastic effects, while intrauterine effects are mainly deterministic effects. The stochastic genetic risks are lower than the deterministic risks at equivalent exposures. Thus, it is frequently difficult to demonstrate the occurrence of stochastic effects in populations that have received low preconception exposures to ionizing radiation. The reproductive effects from preconception and intrauterine exposures to electromagnetic fields (low‐frequency EMF, video display terminals, microwaves) and ultrasound represent much different problems, since the main effects of microwaves and ultrasound occur because of their hyperthermic effects at high exposures. Low‐frequency EMF does not have the capacity to produce hyperthermia, and none of these forms of nonionizing radiation has the specificity to damage the DNA comparable to the specificity of ionizing radiation. Not only do they not have targeted mutagenic effects at the usual exposures that populations receive, they are not cytotoxic at these exposure levels as well. From the viewpoint of biological plausibility, these other forms of radiation are much less likely to have the potential for producing reproductive toxicity at the usual population exposures. Teratology 59:182–204, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss...

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Behavioral effects of ionizing radiations: 1955-61.

Cited by 61 publications

References 112 publications

EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON THE BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Appendix to 1972 Progress Report.

EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON THE BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Appendix to 1972 Progress Report.

Hoarding and neonatal irradiation

Utilization of developmental basic science principles in the evaluation of reproductive risks from pre- and postconception environmental radiation exposures

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