Behavioral performances in participants with phonological dyslexia and different patterns on the N170 component

Brain activity while reading words and pseudo-words: A comparison between dyslexic and fluent readers

“…The N170 is considered a marker of orthographic encoding (Bentin et al, 1999;Simon et al, 2004), suggesting an impairment of this mechanism in dyslexic readers. A similar finding was found by Dujardin et al (2011), who reported more pronounced N170 for pseudo-words than for words among fluent, but not among dyslexic, readers. More interestingly, the distinctive responses to words and pseudowords were manifested as differential activation of the left and right hemispheres.…”

“…This finding parallels previous reports in the literature. For example, larger left-hemisphere N170 amplitudes for pseudo-words have been found among fluent readers, but not among dyslexics (Dujardin et al, 2011), and differential word/pseudo-word responses, mainly in left regions, have been shown among fluent, but not among dyslexic, readers at early (P1), and late (P4, 400-650) components (Taroyan and Nicolson, 2009). The strong activation of left hemisphere perisylvian regions may also be indicative of phonological route processing in fluent readers for pseudo-words and less for familiar words, which is usually manifested by the N320 and N350 components (Bentin et al, 1999), and its impairment in dyslexia (Moisescu-Yiflach and Pratt, 2005).…”

Brain-potential analysis of visual word recognition in dyslexics and typically reading children

“…Furthermore, the difference in N1 amplitude between words and symbols observed over the left hemisphere was related to reading fluency in the dyslexic group. Collectively, this pattern of results supports the notion that N1 amplitude is sensitive to visual word specialization (Bentin et al, 1999; Maurer et al, 2005) and discriminates between typical readers and dyslexics (Dujardin et al, 2011; Maurer et al, 2011). …”

Early stage visual-orthographic processes predict long-term retention of word form and meaning: A visual encoding training study

“…It has been found that increased working memory load leads to increased P100 amplitude in complex visual object processing (Haenschel et al, 2007) and in Chinese character processing (Shimoyama, Nakajima, Ito, & Shibata, 1997). Adults with dyslexia have been found to show reduced amplitude of P100 in a lexical decision task, compared with controls (Dujardin et al, 2011), suggesting a link between poor orthography-phonology connections, which are characteristic of dyslexia, and limited visual attention resources.…”